Hematology

Question 1

What bones produce blood cells from birth to age 20?

Answer 1

Tibia, femur

Question 2

From age 20 on, what bones produce blood cells? (They may just start producing blood cells at age 20…along with other bones, obviously)

Answer 2

Vertebrae, sternum, ribs

Question 3

Formation of blood cells WITHIN the bone marrow

Answer 3

Medullary hematopoiesis

Question 4

Formation of bone cells OUTSIDE of the bone marrow

Answer 4

Extramedullary hematopoiesis

Question 5

A precursor cell capable of differentiating into any cell

Answer 5

Stem cell

Question 6

Multipotential stem cells become unipotential (or committed) cells due to the action of ______. It is a specific hormone originating from the kidney which responds to tissue hypoxia

Answer 6

Erythropoietin

Question 7

There are 5 hemoglobin types…which type is 95-98% of the hemoglobin?

Answer 7

Hb A (alpha 2, beta 2)

Question 8

Globin is a ____

Answer 8

Protein

Question 9

Which part of hemoglobin gives it it’s red color?

Answer 9

Heme (heme is the prosthetic group)

Question 10

The affinity of hemoglobin for _____ is 210 times greater than for oxygen…

Answer 10

Carbon monoxide

Question 11

Approximately how many days does a RBC stay in the circulation?

Answer 11

120 days

Question 12

2 types of hemolysis: extravascular and intravascular. Which type is about 90% of hemolysis? (Breakdown of hemoglobin)

Answer 12

Extravascular

Question 13

The reference range for Hb in women is ____g/dl +/-2

Answer 13

14.0

Question 14

The reference range for Hb in men is ___g/dl +/-2

Answer 14

16.0

Question 15

The reference range for total RBC count in women is ___-___ million/ul

Answer 15

3.5-5.5

Question 16

Reference range for total RBC count in men? (million/ul)

Answer 16

4.3-5.9 million/ul

Question 17

____ is the ratio of spun RBCs to plasma

Answer 17

Hematocrit (Hct)

Question 18

The reference range for Hct in women is __-__%, and __-__% in men.

Answer 18

37-47%, 40-54%

Question 19

Anemia exists when the Hb level is less than __g/dl in males, and ___g/dl in females

Answer 19

13, 11

Question 20

Reference range for mean corpuscular volume (MCV)? (/fl)

Answer 20

80-100 fl

Question 21

The etiology of _____ includes Folate/B12 deficiency, Chronic liver disease, chronic alcoholism, myxedema, and reticulocytosis (FLAMR)

Answer 21

Macrocytosis (big RBCs)

Question 22

The etiology of ____ includes chronic iron deficiency, alpha or beta thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, and sideroblastic anemia.

Answer 22

Microcytosis

Question 23

RDW stands for what in hematology?

Answer 23

RBC Distribution Width

Question 24

T/F, RDW is never decreased

Answer 24

True

Question 25

Reference range for RDW? (%)

Answer 25

11-15%

Question 26

Reference range for WBC count? ___-___/ul

Answer 26

4,500-11,000

Question 27

Leukopenia is consistent with ___ infections

Answer 27

Viral

Question 28

Leukocytosis is consistent with ____ infections

Answer 28

Bacterial

Question 29

Reference range for platelet count? ___-___/cu mm

Answer 29

150,000-400,000/cu mm

Question 30

If the platelet count is VERY high, think _____ first

Answer 30

Malignancy

Question 31

Term when RBCs are of unequal size

Answer 31

Anisocytosis

Question 32

Term when there are abnormally shaped RBCs on a blood film

Answer 32

Poikilocytosis

Question 33

If you see a _______ on a blood film it could be indicative of multiple myeloma

Answer 33

Rouleaux

Question 34

Greater than __ lobes in neutrophils is considered hypersegmentation and is seen in pernicious anemia

Answer 34

5

Question 35

Normal range for neutrophil %?

Answer 35

50-70%

Question 36

Normal range for lymphocyte %?

Answer 36

20-40%

Question 37

Neutrophil count tends to be high in ____ infections, while lymphocyte count tends to be high in ____ infections

Answer 37

Bacterial, viral

Question 38

Normal range for monocyte %?

Answer 38

2-10%

Question 39

Normal range for Eosinophil %?

Answer 39

1-5%

Question 40

Normal range for basophil %?

Answer 40

0-1%

Question 41

Eosinophilia is common in acute ____ attacks

Answer 41

Allergic

Question 42

Is the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate considered a specific test?

Answer 42

No, very non-specific

Question 43

___ is the distance in millimeters that erythrocytes fall during one hour in a sample of venous blood (Westergren principle)

Answer 43

ESR

Question 44

ESR reference range for post-adolescent man (<40yo)? (Mm/hour)

Answer 44

1-15mm/hr

Question 45

ESR reference range for post-adolescent woman (<40yo)? (mm/hr)

Answer 45

1-20mm/hr

Question 46

The formula for maximum normal ESR at a given age is: males = ___/2, females = ___/2

Answer 46

Age, age +10

Question 47

In the majority of bacterial infections, ESR is ______ (accelerated/not accelerated)

Answer 47

Accelerated