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PARA603 > Seizures > Flashcards

Seizures Flashcards

1
Q

what is a seizure defined as?

A

abnormal neurone firing within the cortex

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2
Q

what is generalised seizure? name the 6 types

A

entire brain is involved and pt is unconscious. tonic clonic, absence, clonic, tonic, myoclonic and atonic

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3
Q

what is a tonic clonic?

A

starts with a cry then rhythmic contraction and relaxation of entire body. no breathing

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4
Q

what is an absence? and what age group is most likely

A

no contraction but appears pt is daydreaming but unconscious (usually in children)

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5
Q

what is a clonic?

A

rhythmic contraction

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6
Q

what is a tonic?

A

prolonged contraction

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7
Q

what is a myoclonic?

A

single or small group of muscle contraction

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8
Q

what is an atonic?

A

lose all ability to contract muscles

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9
Q

What is a focal seizure? and what are the 4 types

A

pt is conscious and only effects part of the brain. Motor, sensory, autonomic and higher level

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10
Q

what is a motor seizure?

A

occurs in frontal lobe, hand and face movement

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11
Q

what is a sensory seizure?

A

depends on location, tingling (parietal), hallucinations(occipital) or mood or auditory changes (temporal)

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12
Q

what is an autonomic seizure?

A

parasympathetic response- salivation and increased digestion
sympathy- hr changes and pupil dilation

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13
Q

what is the management of a generalised seizure?

A

ABCDE, gain hx, treat with benzos and admit if anything out of ordinary for pt

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14
Q

what specific hx to ascertain?

A

duration, diagnosis, cluster?, medication given, pre-seizure symptoms, pregnant and if anything different

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15
Q

how do Benzos work?

A

cause hyperpolarsiation so increase the resting sate of calcium channel causing less nerve impulses

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16
Q

what is the treatment for a seizure?

A

buccal midazolam, rectal or IV diazepam and O2

17
Q

seizure differentials (8)

A

drugs, trauma, infection, hypoxia, hypoglycaemia, idiopathic, migraine, vascular (CVE)

18
Q

what is a psychological seizure (PNES)

A

presents as a tonic clinic but with no alerted brain activity.

19
Q

what causes PNES? (8)

A

sleep disorders, syncope, migraines, metabolic conditions, panic attacks, nightmares, EUPD and autism

PARA603 (9 decks)

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