Seismology

Question 1

Stored energy spreads out as rock vibrations

Answer 1

Seismic Waves

Question 2

Actual rupture on the underground fault

Answer 2

Focus

Question 3

Closest map location ABOVE the focus

Answer 3

Epicenter

Question 4

INSTRUMENT we use to measure

Answer 4

Seismograph

Question 5

RECORDING of earthquake event

Answer 5

Seismogram

Question 6

Small compressional waves. They travel fast and are always first to arrive

Answer 6

P waves

Question 7

Waves that can travel in both solids and liquids

Answer 7

P waves

Question 8

Travel sideways which is much slower. They arrive second - if they arrive at all

Answer 8

S-Waves

Question 9

Waves that only travel in solids

Answer 9

S-Waves

Question 10

These waves make the ground move like it’s water.

Largest and most damaging

Answer 10

Surface (L) Waves

Question 11

Waves that travel slowly and die out near the focus

Answer 11

Surface (L) Waves

Question 12

What tells you how far away the earthquake is from you

Answer 12

The amount of time between the P and S waves

Kind of like lightning and thunder

Question 13

A short time gap between P and S waves means you are ___ to the quakes focus

Answer 13

Close

Question 14

A longer time gap between P and S waves means you are ___________.

Answer 14

Farther away

Question 15

How many seismograms are needed to find the exact location of a quake

Answer 15

3

Question 16

Draw circles around each seismograph and see where they meet

Answer 16

Triangulation

Question 17

Size of the vibration ‘wiggles’

Answer 17

Amplitude

Question 18

Lets us correct for how far away the quake was

Answer 18

Nomogram

Question 19

Close location + small wiggles =

Answer 19

Little quake

Question 20

Very distant + same wiggles =

Answer 20

Huge quake

Question 21

Each magnitude is ___x bigger than the one before.

The energy released is __x

Answer 21

10x

30x