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Neuro Final > Sedatives-Hypnotics-Kisby > Flashcards

Sedatives-Hypnotics-Kisby Flashcards

1
Q

What is the tx for transient insomnia?

A

Hypnotics - low dose for 2-3 nights

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2
Q

What is the tx for short-term insomnia?

A

Hypnotics used intermittently during this time (3 days - 3 weeks)

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3
Q

Which drugs are Benzodiazepines? (5)

A
  1. Estazolam
  2. Triazolam
  3. Flurazepam
  4. Temazepam
  5. Quazepam
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4
Q

Which drugs are selective Benzodiazepine receptor agonists (aka Z compounds)? (3)

A
  1. Zolpidem
  2. Zalepion
  3. Eszopiclone
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5
Q

Which drugs are Barbituates? (6)

A
  1. Phenobarbital
  2. Pentobarbital
  3. Thiopental
  4. Amobarbital
  5. Secobarbital
  6. Mephobarbital
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6
Q

Which drugs are melatonin receptor agonists? (2)

A
  1. Ramelteon

2. Tasimelteon

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7
Q

Why are Benzos used more than Barbs for sleep?

A

Safer! Less tolerance too.

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8
Q

Estazolam

A
  • Sleep maintenance

- Half-life: 8-28hrs

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9
Q

Flurazepam

A
  • Sleep onset & sleep maintenance

- Half-life: 2-3hrs

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10
Q

Quazepam

A
  • Sleep maintenance

- Half-life: 41hrs

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11
Q

Temazepam

A
  • Sleep maintenance

- Half-life: 3-18hrs

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12
Q

Triazolam

A
  • Sleep onset

- Half-life: 2-6hrs

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13
Q

What is the MOA of Benzos?

A

Allosterically bind to a1 and y subunit of GABAa receptor complex leading to sedation

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14
Q

What do Benzos affect that Z compounds don’t?

A

REM sleep

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15
Q

Zolipidem

A
  • Sleep maintenance
  • Half-life: 5-7hrs
  • SE: unpleasant taste, dry mouth
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16
Q

Zaleplon

A
  • Sleep onset

- Half-life: 5-10hrs

17
Q

Eszopiclone

A
  • Sleep onset or sleep maintenance

- Half-life: 5-10hrs

18
Q

What do all Z compounds interact with?

A

CYP3A4 & ETOH

19
Q

What can abrupt Benzo withdrawal lead to?

A

Rebound insomnia

20
Q

What is the MOA of Barbs?

A

Selectively bind GABAa receptor at an allosteric a and B subunit site

21
Q

What is the MOA of Melatonin receptor agonists?

A
  • Selectively bind to MT1 & MT2 receptors in SCN
  • MT1 regulates sleepiness
  • MT2 regulates phase shifting
22
Q

Ramelteon

A
  • Sleep onset
  • Half-life: 1-3hrs
  • SE: infertility, somnolence
23
Q

Tasimelteon

A
  • Sleep onset & sleep maintenance
  • Half-life: .5-3hrs
  • Use: Non-24 hour sleep disorder

Neuro Final (25 decks)

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