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MC-CompTia Network+ (N10-008) > Section 7: IP Addressing > Flashcards

Section 7: IP Addressing Flashcards

1
Q

Class A Address Range / Classful Subnet

A

1 - 127 / 255.0.0.0 (16.7 million possible hosts)

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2
Q

Class B Address Range / Classful Subnet

A

128 - 191 / 255.255.0 .0 (65,536 possible hosts)

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3
Q

Class C Address Range / Classful Subnet

A

192 - 223 / 255.255.255.0 (256 possible hosts)

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4
Q

Class D Address Range / Classful Subnet

A

224 - 239 / (NA) (Reserved for Multicast Routing)

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5
Q

Class E Address Range / Classful Subnet

A

240 - 255 / (NA) (268 million possible hosts; Reserved Range for research and development)

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6
Q

CIDR

A

Classless Inter-domain Routing - Borrowing some host bits and reassigning them to the network portion.

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7
Q

Class A CIDR notation

A

IP address / 8 (Meaning 255.0.0.0 subnet mask with 8 1’s and 24 0’s)

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8
Q

Class B CIDR notation

A

IP address / 16 (Meaning 255.255.0.0 subnet mask with 16 1’s and 16 0’s)

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9
Q

Class C CIDR notation

A

IP address / 24 (Meaning 255.255.255.0 subnet mask with 24 1’s and 8 bits of 0’s)

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10
Q

Routable (Public IP Addresses)

A

Directly accessible over the internet and assigned by an ISP

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11
Q

Non-Routable (Private IP Address Ranges)

A

RFC 1918 - Only usable within a LAN
▪ Class A - Any address starting with 10
10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 (256x256x256=16.7 million hosts)
▪ Class B - 172.16 - 172.31
172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 (16x256x256=1.05 million hosts)
▪ Class C - 192.168
192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 (256x256=65,536 hosts) (Anything starting with a 192.168)

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12
Q

Loopback Address (or Local Host)

A

127.0.0.1 / 8 - Loopback to the host and generally used for testing protocols. (The entire 16.7 million address range)

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13
Q

APIPA / Range

A

Automatic Private IP Address
Class B: 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255 / 255.255.0.0
- Default address when a network device does not have a static address or cannot reach a DHCP server. (Dynamically assigned by host.)

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14
Q

DORA Process

A

Discover; Offer; Request; Acknowledge
(Used by DHCP to provide IP addresses to hosts/client machines)

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15
Q

Virtual IP Address

A

VIP or VIPA - Adress does not correlate to actual physical network interface. Gives one interface multiple IP Addresses. Used for NAT, Fault-tolerance and virtualization.

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16
Q

Sub-interfaces

A

Virtual interface created by dividing one physical interface into multiple logical interfaces.

17
Q

Unicast

A

Data travels from a single source to a single destination device.

18
Q

Multicast

A

Data travels from a single source to multiple, but specific, destination devices.

19
Q

Broadcast

A

Data travels from a single source to all devices on a destination network.

20
Q

Static IP Assignment

A

Manual IP address assignment.
(Impractical on large networks.)

21
Q

Dynamic IP Assignment

A

Dynamic allocation of IP addresses.

22
Q

Four IP Components for a fully configured network client.

A

IP Address;
Subnet Mask;
Default Gateway Address;
DNS/WINS Server Address (WINS is optional and may not be sent)

23
Q

DNS - What it does.

A

Domain Name System - Converts domain name to IP address.

24
Q

WINS - What it does.

A

Windows Internet Name Service - Used within a Windows network and converts NetBIOS names to IP addresses.

25
Q

Four ways to dynamically assign IP addresses

A

BootP
- Bootstrap - Oldest and least used method. Originally developed for use with diskless workstations.

DHCP
- Replaced BootP - Assign IP information based on scope / pool of addresses.

APIPA
- Assigned by Operating System when a device does not have static address or cannot reach DHCP server. Not routable because no default gateway defined.

ZeroConf (Zero Configuration)
- Newer technology based on APIPA. Able to resolve computer names via mDNS (Multicast DNS); can perform service discovery. (Known as Bonjour for Apple products; LLMNR - Link-Local Multicast Name Resolution for Windows environments; SystemD for Linux systems.)

26
Q

Class A Classful: Dotted Decimal Subnet / Prefix Notation

A

255.0.0.0 / 8

27
Q

Class B Classful: Dotted Decimal Subnet / Prefix Notation

A

255.255.0.0 / 16

28
Q

Class C Classful: Dotted Decimal Subnet / Prefix Notation

A

255.255.255.0 / 24

29
Q

Class D Classful: Dotted Decimal Subnet / Prefix Notation

A

na / na

30
Q

Loopback Addresses Block

A

127.0.0.0 / 8 [127.0.0.1 thru 127.255.255.254]

31
Q

Class A Private Addresses / Subnet Mask

A

10.0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255 / 255.0.0.0

32
Q

Class B Private Addresses / Subnet Mask

A

172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 / 255.255.0.0

33
Q

Class C Private Addresses / Subnet Mask

A

192.168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255 / 255.255.255.0

34
Q

ZeroConf Networking

A

Zero Configuration Networking
▪ A set of technologies that automatically creates a usable computer network based on the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) when computers or network peripherals are interconnected. It does not require manual operator intervention or special configuration servers.

35
Q

IPv6 Address Length

A

128 bits represented by 32 hexadecimal values. (Eight Segments of four Hexadecimal values separated by a single colon.)

36
Q

IPv6 Address Shorthand

A

▪Groups of four 0’s can be represented by a single 0.
▪Consecutive groups of 0’s can be represented by a double colon (::) but only once per address.
▪2018:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:4815:54ae
is equivalent to
▪2018:0:0:0:0:0:4815:54ae
or
▪2018::4815:54ae

37
Q

Unicast IPv6 Address type

A

Identify a single interface with
Globally-Routed Addresses - Begins with an address in the range of 2000 - 3999
and
Link-Local (or Local Use) Addresses can only be used on LAN (not routable) and begins with FE80. On startup a Link-Local address is automatically established (even if a static or dynamic host address is configured). This is done using SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration) protocol.

38
Q

Multicast IPv6 Address type

A

Identifies a set of interfaces and begins with FF.

39
Q

Anycast IPv6 Address type

A

Identifies a set of interfaces so that a packet can be sent to any member of the set. No easy way to identify.

MC-CompTia Network+ (N10-008) (22 decks)

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