Section 5.2 Flashcards
When you are gathering evidence, especially physical but also testimonial, you need to gather all of it. True or False
True
Evidence that tends to show innocence
Exculpatory evidence
Individual evidence can include
1.
2.
- DNA
2. Fingerprints
What are the four blood types?
A
B
AB
O
Before DNA you could do the blood type A,B,AB,O. If we found the victim or the suspects blood at the scene we could do the blood test and if it come up as O and we get a suspect and we think they committed the crime, and we can get consent and get the blood sample or a warrant and it shows up as O it is not necessarily proof that she did it but if it shows up as one of the others we can do what?
Eliminate her as a suspect
Example, find a dead body and a long blonde hair. If you have a long blonde hair, you assume the killer left it and you can eliminate a lot of people out of the suspect pool. True or False
True
We find fingerprints at the crime scene and now we need to compare it to known criminal’s fingerprints. What does this refer to?
Standard of comparison
If it does not match any of them but you have a suspect you can take their fingerprints in order to establish what?
standard of comparison
Trying to prove that a car was modified you can get the dealership to give you a car of the same exact type to achieve what ?
Standard of comparison
Example, at the scene of a burglary the point of entry was the backdoor and we look at the door and we see marks where two flat metal pieces go in right next to each other and there was obvious force. We can tell the mark was a pry bar used to open the door. Pry bars have two metal parts and put a lot of pressure on something. This is an example of what?
Class characteristics
We can match the exact pry bar to a scene based on what?
Individual characteristics
Example, one of the prongs on the pry bar has a big chip out of it and the mark on the door match the crime scene to the particular tool. This is an example of using what?
Class and individual characteristics
Example, rifling pattern is specific to Glock guns which is a class characteristic. We now have a suspect with this gun type we can shoot the gun and using standard of comparison look to see if the individual characteristics of the rifling pattern match. Use of what?
Class and Individual Characteristics
Good at eliminating people
class characteristics
Goof at proving that it was a specific person
Individual characteristics
At some point you have to discover evidence. True or False
True
After evidence has been discovered it needs to be what?
Marked
These are usually standard and have measuring tapes on the side of them.
Markers
If evidence number one is a shell casing we can take a marker and place it beside it without touching or disturbing it. We need to mark everything and move onto the next step. True or False
True
After discovering evidence and then marking it what should we do next?
Record it in the log
Record where the evidence was and what it was around the entire crime scene and mark it in the evidence log. True or False
True
After you record evidence in the log what do you do next?
Take photographs
For crime scene photos a professional camera will be used and the marker will be placed where it is seen with the evidence and the size of the evidence can be proved because of the ___________ .
Field of View
Picture of a footprint. With the markers you will be able to just look at the photo to determine the size.True or False
True
After you photograph the evidence what is next?
Bag the evidence separately
Pick up evidence with gloves or a tool to put it in the bag and seal it. True or False
True
If there are four bullet casings do they all go in the same evidence bag?
No. All separate
Once the evidence has been sealed and bagged tightly you need to fill out the evidence log on the front with 1. 2. 3. 4.
- time
- date
- signature
- evidence number
Officers have to store evidence for a long time and it could be years or decades. True or False
True
While it is in the evidence room you have to worry about things happening to it that could include but are not limited to
1.
2.
3.
- moisture
- temperature
- pests
Moisture causes evidence to get damp. Temperature of evidence.
Pests.
All things that have to be worried about when?
When stuff is stored in evidence closets
With digital evidence such as hard drives you have to be concerned with what?
Magnets
What was invented to track where big pieces of complicated things are?
Barcodes
Barcodes may have been invented by who?
NASA
Police departments are attempting to use what to keep track of evidence?
Barcodes
If you need a piece of evidence from a case number you have to do what?
Sign it out
If you sign evidence out what do you have to write down? 1. 2. 3. 4.
- name
- date
- purpose
- time
When evidence is brought back you have to sign it back into the evidence room. True or False
True
When you sign evidence back in what do you have to include? 1. 2. 3. 4.
- Name
- date
- time
- change in condition
