Section 1.5 Flashcards
Further investigation is determined by what?
Solvability
Is there enough evidence, are there enough leads from witness statements, are there enough suspects, do we have hope of finding the real suspect? All of these are questions used to determine what?
Further Investigation
Example, if someone breaks into your car and steals your stereo and breaks your window. The police took a report but there was not further investigation for two reasons:
1.
2.
- solvability
2. the seriousness of the crime was low
Computer Aid investigation helps when there is further investigation. True or False
True
What was a program used to aid investigation and to try and determine where to send officers on patrol?
CompStat or computer statistics
You take a map and mark where crime is happening. What is this?
Crime Mapping
What is one way to help with where and when the patrols are going out is a way to help identify perpetrators or give you at least one more lead to find it?
Crime Mapping
A series of robberies with the same MO. Every time the same crime is described they can out it on a map at each location to get clues to where he lives, works, and will commit the next crime. This involves what?
Crime Mapping
If you can map out space and time of where and when these crimes are happening it can give us clues about who is doing it, where they live, where they work. True or False
True
Example, a famous crime spree where there were seven crimes and a crime spree in London. They mapped out and found that most of the locations were train stations. What case was this?
Jack the Ripper
If there is not a working relationship between the community and the police they would never be able to move forward with leads because people would not speak to them. This has to do with what?
Community policing
Who is the first person to get word from the victim or the witness and has an extremely important job?
Dispatch
The dispatch then calls who?
Patrol Officer
The dispatch tells the patrol officer what is going on and gives them as many details as possible so when they arrive they can begin to look around for any suspects. True or False
True
Who else is involved in the investigation and must interview the witnesses again. They also have to try to get subpoenas to look for evidence that the police do not have access to.
Prosecutor
Who investigates and tries to find exculpatory evidence and uses subpoenas to search for more evidence?
Defense
Who can be a great source of information for people who are already on probation?
Probation and parole officer
Wide range of benefits from unemployment benefits to therapy services to community relations.
Social services
Especially in murder cases the autopsy is going to be a huge source of information. Wh o will be able to tell you what has happened which could include that the victim was shot four times, from this angle and the death was caused by this?
Medical/ Corners
Not as good of evidence as everyone thinks.
Witnesses
Why are witnesses not as good of evidence as everyone thinks?
Memories are terrible.
People misremember things all of the time. True or False
True
Science has shown that our memory is not good, and it becomes especially bad when something happens and we must talk about it. True or False
True
Example, you walk by s gas station and see someone run out. Police show you six photos and there is a huge chance you will pick the wrong guy. The first picture you see your mind will change what you saw originally. Witnesses are never as good as the TV makes them out to be. True or False
True
______ are far more likely to have an existing relationship with the person whether it be their neighbor or their spouse or someone else that they know.
victims
What happens if we have a mass shooting and we do not have resources?
Both federal and states have labs and specialists
Example, small town department and you seize a phone and you think there is evidence on it you can call the state to help you forensically analyze it. This an example of having what?
A source of help
What is Interpol?
Intelligence organization
Does Interpol have agents?
No
Example, we catch a foreign suspect in the US we can call ______ and tell them his name is Club and and the will facilitate getting information from the German government and the United States so they can investigate the crime.
Interpol
Occasionally, Interpol will put people in the field. If someone has fled to another country Interpol agents can go to the country and go accompany the police on the way to arrest the you. True or False
True
Who is a great source of intelligence and facilitation for an international investigation?
Interpol
A lot of cases are cut and dry they are arrested, charged and given to the court. This does not mean the crime has been solved because they could have the wrong guy. Are all cases this way?
No. Cases are not always cut and dry.
What happens when we have identified someone and we have enough evidence that we could charge them but for some reason we cannot?
Exceptional Clearance
Columbine high school where the men shot up the school and they got killed themselves. They never got charged because they are dead. This is an example of what? It is a situation outside of officer control because the people are dead.
Exceptional Clearance
The vast majority of a time if a case goes cold it is not going to get solved. True or False
True
Once you track down all the leads and we still do not have enough to arrest anyone or convict anybody. What is this?
Cold case
All of the cold cases where Semen or blood was found and stored they were able to look and use the new technology to see if there was DNA to be tested and used to determine criminals. True or False
True
Before _______ it was hard to determine serial killers if they committed crimes at various locations.
DNA
What is it called when we thought it was a crime but the more we investigate the me we realize it was not really a crime at all?
Unfounded
Example, Pacific Northwest around the 60s and 70s people started reporting tiny dents taken out of the glass on their windshield. They thought someone was throwing rocks but it was really wear and tear on all these vehicles. This case is considered?
Unfounded
If you mess up as an investigator you can technically be held _____ ________.
Civilly Liable
The law that people can sue under is Section ______ of the US code.
1983
Section 1983 of the US code says
government officers can be sued if they violate the civil rights of any person.
The flip side to civil liability is what?
Qualified Immunity
Unless an officer has been previously found guilty for doing this wrong thing the police officer cannot be found guilty for doing the wrong thing. In other words, if they did not know any better because of a court case we cannot hold them to the standard because of what?
Qualified Immunity
Is it difficult to hold officers that mess up accountable?
Yes. It is difficult.
One thing where officers have been found liable and the qualified immunity does not apply is when?
Withholding Exculpatory Evidence
If you are an officer and find a piece of evidence that shows that a person is not guilty as a police officer or a prosecutor, you can be held under _____ ________ and your _____ _______ will not protect you.
Civil Liability
Qualified Immunity
