Section 5 - Disease

Question 1

What three things can disease be caused by?

Answer 1

Pathogens, Genetic defects, Lifestyle

Question 2

How can disease be caused by pathogens?

Answer 2

Pathogens are organisms that can cause disease, e.g. bacteria and viruses. Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens and can be passed from organism to organism, e.g. TB, malaria and HIV.

Question 3

How can disease be caused by genetic defects?

Answer 3

Some diseases are caused by mutations in a person’s genes, e.g. cystic fibrosis is caused by a mutation in a gene for a protein.

Question 4

How can disease be caused by lifestyle?

Answer 4

Certain lifestyles increase the risk of getting some diseases, e.g. smokers are more likely to get lung cancer

Question 5

Which diseases is smoking a risk factor for? (5)

Answer 5

• Mouth cancer
• Lung cancer
• Throat cancer
• Emphysema and other lung diseases
• Cardiovascular diseases

Question 6

Which diseases is drinking too much alcohol a risk factor for? (5)

Answer 6

• Mouth cancer
• Stomach cancer
• Liver cancer
• Breast cancer
• Cardiovascular disease

Question 7

Which diseases is high blood pressure a risk factor for? (2)

Answer 7

• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes

Question 8

Which diseases is being overweight a risk factor for? (3)

Answer 8

• Various cancers
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes

Question 9

Which diseases is having an unbalanced diet a risk factor for? (3)

Answer 9

• Various cancers
• Cardiovascular disease
• Diabetes

Question 10

Which disease is using sunbeds too much a risk factor for?

Answer 10

Skin cancer