Section 2 - Functions of the Nucleus, Mitochondria and Cell Wall

Question 1

Function of the Nucleus (3)

Answer 1

1) It contains DNA - the coded information needed for making proteins.
2) During cell division the chromosomes carrying the long DNA molecules coil up, becoming shorter and thicker and visible with a light microscope.
3) There’s a double membrane round the nucleus.

Question 2

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

Answer 2

In the mitochondria

Question 3

Can mitochondria be seen with a light microscope?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

What do you need to be able to see the detail of mitochondria?

Answer 4

An electron microscope

Question 5

What is a single mitochondria called?

Answer 5

Mitochondrion

Question 6

What 2 membranes do mitochondria have?

Answer 6

• Smooth outer membrane
• Folded inner membrane

Question 7

What is the role of mitochondria?

Answer 7

To capture the energy in glucose in a form that the cell can use. To do this aerobic respiration takes place inside the mitochondria.

Question 8

What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 8

Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)

Question 9

Where does the energy released by respiration end up?

Answer 9

In molecules of ATP

Question 10

What is ATP used in the cell to provide energy for? (3)

Answer 10

• Muscle contraction
• Active transport
• Building large molecules from small ones

Question 11

Function of plant cell wall (2)

Answer 11

1) The plant cell wall is relatively rigid and provides support for the cell
2) It mainly consists of bundles of long, straight cellulose molecules. The cellulose molecules lay side by side to form microfibrils.