Section 3 - Cell Division (Mitosis)

Question 1

What 2 things is mitosis needed for?

Answer 1

Growth and Repair

Question 2

How does mitosis deal with damaged tissue?

Answer 2

If you have damaged tissue, the cells around the damaged area divide by mitosis to replace the damaged cells.

Question 3

How does mitosis deal with growth?

Answer 3

Cells divide by mitosis to produce new tissue for growth.

Question 4

Describe asexual reproduction (3)

Answer 4

1) In asexual reproduction, a single organism produces offspring by dividing into two organisms or by splitting off a piece of itself.
2) All the offspring are genetically identical to each other and the parent.
3) The cells divide by mitosis (like most cells)

Question 5

What four stages is mitosis split into?

Answer 5

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase and telophase

Question 6

Mitosis - Interphase

Answer 6

Before the cell starts to divide, every DNA molecule (each chromosome) must replicate so that each new cell has a full copy of the DNA. The new molecule remains attached to the original one at the centromere.

Question 7

Mitosis - Prophase

Answer 7

Mitosis can now begin. Each DNA molecule becomes supercoiled and compact. Each chromosome can now be seen with a light microscope and appears as two chromatids lying side by side, joined by the centromere (X-shaped).

Question 8

Mitosis - Metaphase

Answer 8

The nuclear membrane breaks down and the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell.

Question 9

Mitosis - Anaphase

Answer 9

The centromeres split and the chromatids separate and are dragged to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 10

Mitosis - Telophase

Answer 10

A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromatids (exact copies of the original chromosomes) and the cytoplasm divides.