Section 4 Assessment Flashcards
4 phases of intervention
Assessment
Planning
Implementation
Evaluation
Assessment
FBA
Obtaining information about the function of behaviors
Allows us make hypothesis to see why behaviors occur
Purpose of Assessment
Identifies/Defines target behavior
Guides us to make correct interventions
5 Phases of Assessment
Screening Defining Pinpointing target behavior Monitoring progress Following up
Indirect Assessments
Interviews
Checklists
Direct Assessments
Tests
Direct Observations
4 ways to Acquire information
Checklists
Observations
Interviews
Tests
Biological Medical Variables
Rule out medical causes for problem behaviors
Preliminary Assessment
Conduct indirect assessment to start your identification and hypothesis process
Ecological Assessment
Information gathered about the individual and the various settings in which that individual lives and works
Reactivity
Effects of the assessment process on the behavior of the individual being assessed
Assessing Social Significance
Consider whose behavior is being assessed and why
Habilitation
Assess meaningful of change
Normalization
Belief that people with disabilities should to the maximum extend possible
Physically and socially integrated into mainstream society regardless of the degree or type of disability
Behavior Cusps
Exposing Variations
New World
New Behaviors
Not a prerequisite skill
Examples
Reading
Generalized Imitation
Crawling
Pivotal behaviors
Variations
Modifications
Once it’s learned in an untrained environment
Generative Learning
#Derived Relations Enhancing Comprehension of new materials due to previous learning
Prioritizing target behaviors
- Threat to health and safety of client
- Frequency
- Longevity of problem
- Potential for higher rates of reinforcement
- Relative importance of target behavior
- Reduction of negative attention from peers
- Reinforcement for significant others
- Liklihood of success
- Cost benefit ratio to change client’s behavior
4 problem behaviors
Sensory
Escape
Attention
Tangible
Default Technologies
Punishment-Based Interventions often selected arbitrarily
Method FBA Pyramid
- Indirect Assessment
- Direct Assessment
- FA
Functional Analysis
FBA method that allows us to communicate hypothesis regarding functional relations between behaviors and environmental events
4 Functional Analysis Conditions
Contingent Attention
Contingent Escape
Alone
Control
3 data collection methods
ABC Continuous Recording
ABC narrative recording
Scatterplot
ABC Continuous Recording
Record occurrences of target behavior problem behaviors and select environmental events within the natural routine during a specified period
Advantages of Continuous Recording
Precise Measures
Useful contextual information and correlation regarding environmental event and problem behavior.
Calculates conditional
Disadvantages of Continuous Recording
Often antecedents and consequences do not reliably precede and follow problem behavior, making correlations difficult to detect
Conditional Probability
Probability that a target behavior will occur in a specific circumstance
Taken ABC data
Helps us hypothesize the function of the behavior
Indirect FBA Advantages
Contributes the hypothesis development about what may be maintaining problem behavior
Don’t require observation
Functional Equivalence
When you decrease a behavior, you must select an acceptable alternative behaviors
Making recommendation regarding behaviors
Established Maintained Increased Decreased Conduct a Discrepancy Analysis
3 characteristics good operational definitions
Objective
Clear
Complete
Social Validity
Social Significance
Social Appropriate of Procedures
Social Importance
2 procedures for identifying effective reinforcers
Stimulus Preference Assessment
Reinforcer Assessment
Stimulus Preference Assessments
Identifies stimuli that are likely to function
3 basic methods of stimulus preference assessment
- Asking about stimulus preferences
- Free operant observation
- Trial Based Methods
3 types of trial based stimulus preference assessments
- Single Stimulus
- Paired Stimulus
- Multiple w/ replacement
- Multiple w/o replacement
Reinforcer Assessment
Concurrent
Multiple
Progressive
Identifying potential punisher
Just like we identify and assess for reinforcers, we must do the same for punishers
