Section 1 ABA Flashcards
Applied Behavior Analysis
Scientific Approach for discovering environmental variables that reliably influence socially significant behaviors for developing a technology of behavior change that is practical and applicable. This is evidence based applied science
Science
Systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural work. Based on determinism
3 levels of scientific understanding
Description
Prediction
Control
Description
Systematic observations that are quantified and classified
Prediction
AKA Correlation;Covariation. Two events may reguarly occur at the same time. This does not necessairly mean 1 causes the other
Control
AKA Causation. Functional Relation. This is the highest scientific understanding. Experimental demonstration that manipulating 1 event (IV) results in another (DV)
6 Attitudes of Science
Determinism Empericism Experimentation Replication Parsimony Philosophical Doubt
Determinism
Cause/Effect
Law-fullness
Predictable
Empiricism
Facts
Experimental Data Based (Scientific Approach)
Observations/Experiences
Quantification and detailed description of events
Experimentation
AKA-Experimental Analysis. Manipulating variables so as to see the effects of the DV
Replication
Repeating Experiments
Determine the reliability and usefulness of findings
Discovering Mistakes
Self Correcting
Parsimony
Simplest Theory
All simple and logical explanations must be ruled out before considering complex explanations
Philosophical Doubt
Healthy Skepticism
Critical Eye about results
7 dimensions of aba
Behavioral Applied Analytic Technological Conceptual Analysis Generality Effective
Behavioral
Observable Events
The behavior 1 chooses must be in the need of the improvement
Applied
Socially Significant
Improves everyday life
Helps significant others
Technological
Defining procedures like a recipe and they are replicable
Conceptually Systematic
All procedures used should be tied to ABA principals.
Analytical
Functional Relation Experimentation Control Believability Causation Demonstrated a functional relation between the manipulated events and a reliable change in some measurable dimension of a target behavior.
Generality
AKA-Generalization extends over settings behaviors and individuals
Effective
Is the intervention working?
Clinically Significant?
Improves behavior in a practical manner not simply making a change that is statically significant
Mentalism
Approach to explaining behavior that assumes an inner dimension exists and causes behaviors
3 mentalisms umbrella
1) Hypothetical Constructs
2) Circular Reasoning
3) Explanatory Fiction
Hypothetical Constructs
Presumed, unobserved
Free will, readiness, unobservable storage
Explanatory Fiction
Wants Knows Figures out Another name for the observed behavior Contribute nothing to an understanding of the variables responsible for maintaining behaviors
Circular Reasoning
Cause and effect are both inferred from the same information
Behaviorism
Philosophy of science
4 branches of ABA
Conceptual analysis
ABA
Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Behavior Service Delivery
Conceptual Analysis
AKA behaviorism Philosophical Theoretical Historical Methodological Issues
ABA
Analysts that monitor, analyze, revise and communicate the effects of their work
Behavior Service Delivery
Refers to many people in various fields outside ABA
Experimental Analysis of Behavior
Research
Laboratories
Ivan Pavlov
Respondent conditioning with dogs
1906 published first studies
John Watson
Methodological Behaviorism- Publicly observed events.
AKA- Stimulus Response Behaviorism, SR Psychology, Watsonian Behaviorism.
Skinner
Radical Behaviorism-Private events
How did skinner come up with radical behaviorism
1)Darwinism Selection (Selection by consequences) and 2) Pragmatism (AB because of C) proposition lies in it’s observable practical consequences
Respondent Behavior
Elicit Involuntary Phylogeny Reflex Habituation Unconditioned Stimulus Unconditioned Response
Phyologeny
Behavior inherited genetically
Respondent Conditioning
AKA-Classical Conditioning
Operant Behavior
Emit/Evoke History of Consequences Voluntary Action Adaptation SRS
Ontogeny
Interactions with his/her environment
Operant Conditioning
AKA- Behavioral Contingency, 3-Term Contingency. The occasion for a response, the response and t outcome of the response.
Contiguity
AKA-Temporal Contiguity
Applies to Respondent Conditioning
Close together in time affects pairing in CS and US
Applies to Operant Conditioning- Temporal congruity affects pairing of the behavior and consequence
Respondent-Operant Interactions
An experience can often include both respondent and operant conditioning occurring together simultaneously
What is not a behavior
Hunger Anxious Getting Wet Receiving Money Blown by wind
3 principles of behavior
Punishment
Extinction
Reinforcement
