Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Derm Fitz > Section 32- Nail Apparatus > Flashcards

Section 32- Nail Apparatus Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Associated with damage to the cuticle

Chronic dermatitis of proximal nail fold and matrix- loss of cuticle, separation of nail plate from proximal nail fold

A

Chronic paronychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Treatment for chronic paronychia

A

Protection
Glucocorticoids
Treat secondary infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Secondary infection in chronic paronychia may be due to

A

Candida spp
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
S.aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Detachment of the nail from its bed at distal and/or lateral attachments

A

Onycholysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Secondary causes of onycholysis

A

Vesicobullous disorders
-contact derm, dyshidrotic eczema, herpes simplex

Nail bed hyperkeratosis
- onychomycosis, psoriasis, chronic contact derm

Nail bed tumors
Drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Colonization of this bacteria in onycholysis results in a biofilm on the undersurface of the nail plate causing a brown or greenish discoloration

A

P. aeruginosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Management of onycholysis

A

Debride all nails separated from nail bed

Treat underlying disorder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

P.aeruginosa produces this green pigment that is seen in onycholysis (green nail syndrome)

A

Pyocyanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Thickening of entire nail plate

Seen in elderly

A

Onychauxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Thickening of nail plate with ram’s hornlike deformity

Most common in great toe

A

Onychogryphosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common dermatosis affecting the nail apparatus

A

Psoriasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

This finding on the nails is pathognomonic for psoriasis and may be seen in only one finger

A

Punctate leukonychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Term for rough surface of nail

Nail dull, rough and fragile

Can be seen in alopecia areata, lichen planus and AD

May regress spontaneously

A

Trachonychia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Treatment for psoriasis in nails

A

Matrix involvement: intralesional triamcinolone 3-5mg/ml

Nail bed: topical steroid(occluded)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Longitudinal ridging and fissuring of the nail plate with brittleness and breakage

A

Onychorrhexis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

“Twenty nail syndrome”

-loss of all 20 nails without any other evidence of this disease elsewhere in the body

A

Lichen planus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Partial loss of central nail plate presents as V-shaped extension of skin of proximal nail fold adherent to the nail bed

A

Pterygium formation

lichen planus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q 
What disease?
Geometric pitting
Hammered brass appearance
Mottled erythema of lunulae
Trachonychia
A

Alopecia areata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

This nail changes are pathognomonic of what disease?

Longitudinal streaks (red and white)
Distal subungual hyperkeratotic papules with distal V or wedge shaped fissuring of nail plate
A

Darier disease

20
Q

Splitting or lamination if nail plate, usually in the horizontal plane at free edge

A

Onychoschizia

21
Q

Pseudocyst or ganglion originates in distal interphalangeal joint- associated with osteoarthritis

Can present on proximal nail fold resulting in longitudinal depressed groove in nail plate

A

Digital myxoid cyst

22
Q

Tan, brown or black longitudinal streak within the nail plate

Due to increased melanin synthesis, increase in total number of melanocytes or nevomelanocytic nevus

Most originate in distal matrix

A

Longitudinal melanonychia

23
Q

What sign?

Periungual extension of brown black pigmentation onto proximal and lateral nail folds

A

Hutchinson sign

24
Q

Differential diagnosis of acrolentiginous melanoma

A

Subungual hemorrhage

Dermoscopy helps distinguish

25
Q

Management of SCC in the nail

A

Mohs surgery

Amputation of digit- lesions involving periosteum

26
Q

Most common pathogens infecting the nail apparatus

A

Dermatophytes

27
Q

Most common cause of acute paronychia

A

S.aureus

28
Q

Acute infection of the lateral or proximal nail fold

A

Acute paronychia

29
Q

Acute infection of the fingertip

Soft tissue infection of the pulp space of the distal phalanx

Closed spaced infection of multiple compartments created by fibrous septa between skin and periosteum

A

Felon

30
Q

Commonly as secondary infection of chronic paronychia

Invasion of nail plate usually occurs only in immunocompromised host

A

Candida onychia

31
Q

Most reliable technique in diagnosing onychomycosis

A

Histology of nail clipping

PAS stain

32
Q

Management of tinea unguium

A

Terbinafine
250mg/d x 6 weeks for fingernails and 12-16 weeks for toenails
-most effective

Itraconazole (approved in USA for onychomycosis)
200mg/d x 6 weeks; 12 weeks toenails

33
Q

Dermatologic disease associated with transverse or Beau lines

A

Eczema
Erythroderma
Paronychia

34
Q

Total division of nail plate that can happen when duration of disease completely inhibits matrix activity for 7-14 days

A

Onychomadesis

35
Q

Leukonychia associated with hepatic disorders

A

Terry type leukonychia

36
Q

Type of leukonychia:

Opaque white plate obscuring lunula and extending to within 1-2mm from distal edge

A

Terry type

37
Q

Type of leukonychia:

Associated with renal disorders

A

Uremic half and half nail of Lindsay

38
Q

Type of leukonychia:

Proximal nail dull white obscuring lunula, distal nail pink

A

Half and half nail of Lindsay

39
Q

Type of leukonychia:

Paired, narrow and white transverse bands

Associated with chemotherapy, hypoalbuminemia

A

Muehrcke lines

Banded nails

40
Q

Associated with lymphedema, respi tract disease, rheumatoid arthritis and internal malignancies

Nails stop growing, hard, excessively curved from side to side, cuticles absent

Diffuse yellow discoloration

A

Yellow nail syndrome

41
Q

Most common cause of splinter hemorrhages

A

Minor trauma

42
Q

Skin colored tumor beneath the nail fold associated with a longitudinal groove in the nail plate caused by matrix compression

A

Periungual fibroma

Associated with tuberous sclerosis

43
Q

Nail findings associated with connective tissue disease

A

Nail fold/ periungual erythema and telangiectasia

44
Q

Nail plate adheres to fingertip skin in scleroderma

A

Pterygium inversum unguium

45
Q

Spoon shaped nails

Associated with Plummer-Vinson syndrome (IDA, dysphagia, glossitis)

A

Koilonychia

46
Q

Nails are called clubbed if angle between proximal nail fold and nail plate is how many degrees?

A

> 180 degrees

Derm Fitz (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions