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Derm Fitz > Section 26- Fungal Infections > Flashcards

Section 26- Fungal Infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

KOH preparation in Candida

A

Pseudohyphae and yeast forms

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2
Q

Topical treatment for cutaneous candidiasis

A

Nystatin
Azole
Imidazole cream or powder

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3
Q

May be effective in recurrent cutaneous candidiasis

Eradicates bowel colonization

A

Nystatin suspension or tablet

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4
Q

AIDS defining classification of mucosal candidiasis

A

Esophageal and Tracheobronchial

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5
Q

Portal of entry of Candida in disseminated disease

A

GI tract

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6
Q

Treatment for oropharyngeal candidiasis

A

Topical- nystatin or cotrimazole

Systemic- fluconazole and echinocandins (caspofungin, micafungin)

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7
Q

Genital candidiasis treatment

A

Azole creams or suppository

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8
Q

Onset of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis

A

Infancy or early childhood

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9
Q

Common cause of nosocomial infections

Risk factors: neutropenia, venous access catheters

Small disseminated erythematous cutaneous papules

A

Disseminated candidiasis

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10
Q

Treatment for disseminated candidiasis

A

Echinocandins
Fluconazole
Amphotericin B

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11
Q

Lipophilic yeast that normally resides in keratin of skin and hair follicles

A

Malassezia furfur

M. globosa

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12
Q

Well demarcated patches with fine scale

Hypo/hyperpigmented

Most common in trunk

Predisposing factors: sweating and oily skin

A

Tinea versicolor

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13
Q

Malassezia furfur result on KOH preparation

A

Spaghetti and meatballs

Round yeast and elongated pseudohyphae

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14
Q

Woods lamp fluorescence in pityriasis versicolor

A

Blue green

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15
Q

Topical treatment for pityriasis versicolor

A

Selenium sulfide 2.5% lotion or shampoo
Ketoconazole shampoo
Azole creams
Terbinafine 1% solution

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16
Q

Systemic therapry for pityriasis versicolor

A

Fluconazole 300mg once a week x 3 weekd

Itroconazole 400ng single dose

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17
Q

What differentiates malassezia folliculitis from acne vulgaris?

A

Absence of comedones

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18
Q

Asymptomatic superficial fungal colonization of the hair shaft

A

Piedra

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19
Q

White to beige nodules on hair shaft

Soft, easily removed

A

White piedra

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20
Q

Darkly pigmented, firmly attached nodules on hair shaft

Weakens hair shaft with hair breakage

Affects scalp hair

A

Black piedra

21
Q

Treatment for trichosporon infections

A

Topical or systemic azoles

Amphotericin B

22
Q

Superficial fungal colonization of the stratum corneum

A

Tinea nigra

23
Q

Fungus associated with tinea nigra

A

Hortaea werneckii

24
Q

More common in tropical climates
Direct inoculation onto skin from contact with decaying vegetation, wood or soil

Brown to black macules with well defined borders that resemble silver nitrate stains

A

Tinea nigra

25
Q

Treatment for tinea nigra

A

Topical azole

Alochol gel sanitizer

26
Q

Most common cause of epidermal dermatophytosis and onychomycosis in industrialized nations

A

Trichophyton rubrum

27
Q

KOH preparation:

Multiple septated tubelike structures (hyphae or mycelia)

A

Dermatophytes

28
Q

Woods lamp fluorescence for Microsporum spp

A

Blue green

29
Q

Most common dermatophytic infection

A

Epidermal dermatophytoses

30
Q

Most effective oral antidermatophyte antifugal

A

Terbinafine 250mg tablet

-allylamine

31
Q

This systemic antifungal used in dermatophytoses needs acidic gastric pH for dissolution of capsule

A

Itraconazole

32
Q

Most common site of tinea pedis

A

Between 4th and 5th toes

33
Q

Condition that may coexist with interdigital tinea pedis

A

Erythrasma

34
Q

Topical agents for epidermal dermatophytoses

A

Imidazoles (clotrimazole, miconazole, ketoconazole)

Allylamines (terbinafine)

Naphthiaonates (tolnaftate)

Substituted pyridine ( ciclopirox olamine)

35
Q

Treatment for tinea manuum

Or dermatophytoses of hands feet and nails

A

Oral agents:
Terbinafine 250mg OD X 14 days
Itraconazole 200mg OD x 7 days
Fluconazole 150-200mg OD for 2-4 weeks

36
Q

Epidermal dermatophytosis that occurs after topical application of a glucocorticoid preparation to a site colonized or infected by dermatophyte

A

Tinea incognito

37
Q

Type of dermatophytic folliculitis where mycelia and arthroconidia are seen on the surface of the hair follicle

A

Ectothrix type (extrapilary)

38
Q

Type of dermatophytic folliculitis where mycelia and arthroconidia are seen within the hair shaft

A

Endothrix type (intrapilary)

39
Q

Variant of endothrix resembling seborrheic dermatitis

A

Black dot tinea capitis

40
Q

Variant of endothrix with arthroconidia and airspaces within hair shaft

A

Favus

41
Q 
Boggy purulent inflamed nodules and plaques 
Usually painful
Drains pus from multiple openings 
Hairs do not break off but fall out
Heals with scarring alopecia
A

Kerion

42
Q

Latin for honeycomb
Perifollicular erythema and matting of hair

Later thick yellow crusts (scutula) composed of skin debris and hyphae

Fetid odor

A

Favus

43
Q

Dermatophytic folliculitis with foreign body granuloma in response to keratin in dermis and immune reaction to dermatophyte

Occurs with immunosuppression

Distribution: any hair bearing area

A

Majocchi granuloma

44
Q

Treatment for Sporotrichosis

A

Itraconazole

45
Q

Caused by Madurella species

Swelling, development of sinus tracts and fistula

Unilateral on leg foot and hand

Cauliflower like tumors

A

Eumycetoma

46
Q

Most common invasive mycosis in HIV disease

Primary pulmonary infection

Papules or nodules with surrounding erythema, may exude mucinous fluid

Molluscum contagosum like, acneiform

A

Cryptococcosis

47
Q

Primary prophylaxis for cryptococcosis in HIV patients

A

Fluconazole

48
Q

Therapy for cryptococcal meningitis

A

Amphotericin B

Derm Fitz (12 decks)

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