Section 1- Glands

Question 1

Key factors in the development of acne vulgaris

Answer 1

Follicular keratinization
Androgens
Proprionibacterium acnes

Question 2

Blackheads are called

Answer 2

Open comedones

Question 3

Whiteheads are called

Answer 3

Closed comedones

Question 4

Neonatal acne is related to

Answer 4

Glandular development

Question 5

Usually occurs in young women

Associated with extensive excoriations and scarring from emotional and psychological problems

Answer 5

Acne excoriée

Question 6

Flares of acne on cheeks, chin and forehead due to leaning and pressure of sport gears

Answer 6

Acne mechanica

Question 7

Severe cystic acne with more involvement of the trunk than the face

Coalescing nodules, cysts, abscesses and ulceration

Answer 7

Acne conglobata

Question 8

Occurs primarily in teenage boys

Acute onset

Severe cystic acne with suppuration and ulceration

Malaise, fatigue, fever, elevated ESR

Answer 8

Acne fulminans

Question 9

Acne like conditions are not diagnosed as acne because they do not have:

Answer 9

Comedones

Question 10

If systemic isotretinoin treatment is required, these lab tests should be ordered beforehand

Answer 10

AST ALT
Triglycerides
Cholesterol levels

Question 11

Long term goal of therapy for acne

Answer 11

Prevent scarring

Question 12

Goal of therapy for acne

Answer 12

Remove plugging
Reduce sebum production
Treat bacterial colonization

Question 13

Most effective oral antibiotic for moderate acne

Answer 13

Minocycline 50-100mg/day

Question 14

This drug for acne inhibits sebaceous gland function and keratinization

Answer 14

Isotretinoin

Question 15

Indications for oral isotretinoin

Answer 15

Moderate, recalcitrant and nodular acne

Question 16

Concurrent tertracycline and isotretinoin may cause thid condition

Answer 16

Pseudotumor cerebri (benign intracranial swelling)

Question 17

Contraindication for use of isotretinoin

Answer 17

Pregnancy (teratogenic)

Question 18

Treatment for mild acne

Answer 18

Topical antibiotics (clinda, erythro)
Benzoyl peroxide gel (2,5,10%)

Topical retinoids (retinoic acid, adapalene, tazarotene)
-gradual increase 0.01-0.025-0.05%

Question 19

Treatment for moderate acne

Answer 19

Topicals plus oral antibiotics
Minocycline 50-100mg/day
Doxycycline 50-100mg BID

Oral isotretinoin

Question 20

Treatment for severe acne

Answer 20

Topicals plus systemic isotretinoin 0.5-1mg/kg (cystic, conglobate, refractory to treatment)

Most clear within 20 weeks

Question 21

Common chronic inflammatory acneiform disorder of the facial pilosebaceous units

Increased reactivity of capillaries leading to flushing and telangiectasia

Answer 21

Rosacea

Question 22

What stage of rosacea (Plewig and Kligman classification)

Persistent erythema with telangiectases

Answer 22

Stage I

Question 23

What stage of rosacea (Plewig and Kligman classification)

Persistent erythema, telangiectasia, papules and tiny pustules

Answer 23

Stage 2

Question 24

What stage of rosacea (Plewig and Kligman classification)

Persistent deep erythema, dense telangiectasia, papules, pustules and nodules

Rarely persistent “solid” edema on central face

Answer 24

Stage 3

Question 25

Prevention of rosacea

Answer 25

Marked reduction or elimination of alcohol and caffeine

Question 26

Topical treatment for rosacea

Answer 26

Metronidazole gel or cream 0.75 or 1% OD or BID Ivermectin cream

Question 27

Systemic treatment of rosacea

Answer 27

Minocycline or doxycycline 50-100mg OD or BID Tetracycline 1-1.5g/day until clear then 250-500mg OD Metronidazole 500mg BID

Question 28

Maintenance treatment for rosacea

Answer 28

Minocycline or doxycycline 50mg OD or on alternate days

Question 29

For severe rosacea not responding to antibiotics, this can be given

Answer 29

Isotretinoin 0.5mg/kg per day

Question 30

For massive demodex infestation in rosacea, this drug can help:

Answer 30

Ivermectin 12mg PO single dose

Question 31

Treatment for periorificial dermatitis

Answer 31

Avoid topical glucocorticoids Metronidazole 0.75% gel BID or 1% gel OD Erythromycin 2% gel BID Systemic- minocycline or doxycycline 100mg OD Tetracycline 500mg BID until clear

Question 32

Sweat retention disorder | Excessive sweating —maceration and blockage of eccrine ducts

Answer 32

Miliaria

Question 33

Gustatory sweating where disrupted nerves for sweat abberrantly connect with salivsry nerves

Answer 33

Frey syndrome

Question 34

Management of hidradenitis suppurativa

Answer 34

Intralesional triamcinolone Incision and drainage Oral antibiotics- erytho, tetra, mino, clinda + rifampin Oral isotretinoin- prevents follicular plugging

Question 35

Skin colored follicular pruritic papules in the axilla from plugging

Answer 35

Fox Fordyce disease