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BIO 1116 > Section 2 > Flashcards

Section 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the main characteristics defining soil?

A

physical structure, chemical composition, association with plant roots or other resident organisms

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2
Q

Rhizosphere

A

soil that is in direct contact with living plant roots, secretions, and bulk soil

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3
Q

What is bulk soil?

A

soil that is located outside of the rhizosphere and is not penetrated by plant roots

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4
Q

What are the 4 main particle types of soil?

A

Sand, loam, silt, and clay

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5
Q

What is sand like?

A

large, coarse particles

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6
Q

What are silt and clay like?

A

fine particles that are more aerated

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7
Q

What are horizons?

A

the layers soil is divided into

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8
Q

What is the importance of horizon structure?

A

structure of horizons are a good predictor of nutritional characteristics of microbes living in them

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9
Q

What is the O layer?

A

Organic
undecomposed plant matter

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10
Q

What is the B layer?

A

Subsurface
lower levels of microbial life and more anaerobic bacteria

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10
Q

What is the A layer?

A

Surface
rich in organic matter and contains most soil life

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11
Q

What is the C layer?

A

Substratum
microbial life is low in abundance and is made up of inorganic matter

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12
Q

What is the R layer?

A

Bedrock

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13
Q

What is the significance of soil pH?

A

it is the best predictor of microbial diversity

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14
Q

Can soil be any pH?

A

No, it is in a specific range

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15
Q

What do microbes have to withstand?

A

Osmotic forces to facilitate the movement of ions

16
Q

What are soil microbes?

A

microbes that live in the soil

17
Q

What do soil microbes do?

A

they synthesize biochemicals used for bacterial warfare and they break down complex molecules

18
Q

What are secondary metabolites?

A

organic compounds produced by bacteria that enhances their chances for survival

19
Q

Are secondary metabolites essential for fundamental growth processes?

A

no

BIO 1116 (18 decks)

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