Section 102 Flashcards
What is section 102?
USMC history, rank structure, and courtesies
Events of 1775
10 NOV, 1775
Tun tavern
1st commandant- Captain Samuel Nicholas
Raised 2 bn in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
How many battalions were raised?
2 bn
Events of 1834
- MC came under the navy
- National security act of 1947, amended in 1952, states the present structure
Events of 1776
- 1st marine landing
- Marines invaded new providence islands in Bahamas seizing guns and supplies, old uniform has stiff leather stocks around neck giving nickname of leathernecks now
what stronghold did the marines storm?
Barbary pirates at Burma
Events of 1805
- Mexican war
- occupied “halls of Montezuma” during battle of Chapultepec in mexico city
- first united troops to enter capital
- helped take california
what war did marines occupy the Halls of Montezuma?
Battle of Chapultepec
Events of 1859
Colonel Robert e. Lee stormed harpers ferry to put down an attempted slave revolt by abolitionist John brown
Events of 1868 (EGA is great)
EGA was adopted by BGEN Jacob selling (7th commandant)
When was the motto “siempre fi” adopted?
1883
What and where did the rebellion in 1900 happen?
Defended American legation in Peking, China only using a small defense force and held out until relief force came
Who was the first Marine Corps Pilot and year?
Major Alfred A. Cunningham 1913
Events of 1917 (5-6-7-8)
Marines landed in France
Participated in 8 distinct ops
Distinguished themselves earning them number of decorations
5th and 6th marines still wear the French fourragere
How many distinct operations were in 1917?
8
Events of 1933
MC reorganized in FMF establishing command and administrative relations
MC equipment board established in quantico, Va
Devoting long hours to testing and developing materials for landing ops and expeditionary services
Events of 1965
Marines landed in south Vietnam
Longest war in history;
Also as a response to a attempted coup on the local government, marines landed in Dominican Republic to defend us citizens
Events of 1982 (Two [like to] Lebanon)
Marines deployed to Lebanon as part of a multinational peace keeping force in effort to restore peace and order to the war torn country
When did the suicide truck bomber attack the HQ?
23 OCT 1983
How many lives were lost and wounded during the suicide bomb attack?
Lost -241
Wounded-70
When did the last marines withdraw from Lebanon?
July of 1984
Events of 1991
Operation desert storm launched after Iraqi government refuses to comply w/ UN resolutions
Marine aviation heavily used in Jan 1991
Massive bombing failed to dislodge Iraqi forces
Ground forces liberated Kuwait and caused severe damage to Iraqi military
Events of 2001
Under the umbrella of the Global War on Terror (GWOT) on October 7, 2001, early combat operations including a mix of strikes from land-based B-1 Lancer,
B-2 Spirit and B-52 Strato fortress bombers;
carrier- based F-14 Tomcat and F/A-18 Hornet fighters;
and Tomahawk cruise missiles launched from both U.S. and British ships and submarines signaled the start of Operation enduring freedom
When was the invasion of Iraq?
March 20 to may 1 2003
four countries participated
First battle of 2004
Operation vigilant resolve
Unsuccessful attempt to capture Fallujah in April 2004
Second battle of 2004
- Operation al-fajr
- Operation phantom fury
- November and December 2004.
- Usmc lead against iraqi stronghold in city of fallujah
- Authorizd by US appointed Iraqi interim government
Battle of Belleau Wood
- hard-fought American victory over the Germans in France
- renamed “the Wood of the Brigade of Marines”.
- Marines evaluated as storm Troops by German intel
- German troops named them the devil dogs or teufelhunden
- greatest battle in history
Battle of Guadalcanal
7 AUG 1942
1ST mardiv landed on beaches of Solomon Islands launching first offensive of WW2
-marked 1st combat test of new amphibious doctrine
-including landings on (N_B_C) new Georgia, Bougainville, choiseul (feint)
Battle of Tarawa
Japanese commander proclaimed it would take millions of Americans in 100 years to conquer the tarawa atoll and betio island, they took it in 76 hours on 20 NOV 1943
Extended reef and drowning caused many to lose their lives causing heavy losses.
Battle of Mariana Islands
Due to the need for airfields by the Air Force and advanced bases for the Navy, the Marianas were invaded. Landings on the islands of Saipan, Guam, and Tinian accomplished this. During June and July of 1943, Lieutenant General Holland M. Smith led a combined invasion force of Marines and soldiers that totaled over 136,000.
Battle of Iwo Jima
19 FEB 1945
Largest and bloodiest battle in all of usmc history
Suffered over 23,300 casualties
Admiral Chester W. Nimitz said “Among the Americans who served on iwo island, uncommon valor was a common virtue”
Gave us more land to throw bombs to japan
Battle of Chosin Reservoir
Nov. 1950. Marines smashed 7 out of 10 enemy divisions and brought out all operable equipment, property evacuated their dead and wounded, and maintained tactical integrity
How many divisions did the marines battle in the battle of chosin reservoir?
10
Battle of Hue City
January 1968 during Tet vetinam holiday, North Vietnamese infiltrated Hue city with Division of troops resulting in house to house fighting. MOUT used for the first time City cleared 25FEB1968. Progress measured in yards
When was the city secured during the battle of hue city?
25 FEB 1968
Archibald Henderson
BGEN
Grand old Man of the Marine Corps.
Commandant for 39 years. 1820-1859
Higher standards of personal appearance, training, discipline, and strived to have the Marine Corps known as a professional military force, capable of more than just sea and guard duties
What wars did BGEN Archibald Henderson lead?
Indian wars
Opening of china
War with mexico
Disorders of Central america
John Quick
Sergeant Major Quick, medal of honor for “semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under shell fire. during Cuzco well Guantanamo bay, Cuba
What did John Quicks actions display?
The usefulness of marines as assault troops
What are the 2 MOH Dan Daly earned?
1- Chinese boxer rebellion
2-first caco war in Haiti
What was his quote and rank when he quoted this?
Gunnery sgt Dan Daly
“Come on you sons of a bi**h, do you want to live forever?”
(When his unit was pinned down and stalled, it caused him to say this to his unit)
During which battle did he say his famous quote?
Battle of bellau wood (when they were pinned down and attack was stalled )
Louis B. “Chesty” Puller
- Lt Gen Puller and a force of 32 marines scoured jungles of Nicaragua “Tiger of the Mountains”
- puller and his 32 marines famous for their ability to engage rebel groups and bandits while scouring the jungles in a wide area of Nicaragua to the Honduran border.
- Chesty the Bulldog named after him for being a fine and brave marine
How did Chesty puller earn his nickname “tiger of the mountains”?
LTGEN Puller and his 32 marines famous for their ability to engage rebel groups and bandits while scouring the jungles in a wide area of Nicaragua to the Honduran border.
Gregory “Pappy” Boyington
—Maj Boyington recognized for Marine Prowess in aerial dog fights.
—VMH-214 “Black Sheep” during WWII.
—Top ranking Ace w/28 kills.
(1945)
Ira H Hayes
Pima Indian,
raised the second flag raising on Iwo Jima in the famous photo 23 FEB 1945
-
(Part of 5th amphibious corps under Major general harry schmitt)
Opha Mae Johnson
Private Johnson
-enlistment was a reflection of dramatic changes in status of women brought by entry to the usmc in ww1
— first enlisted woman on 13 August 1918.
—better known as skirt Marines” and “Marinettes
Margret A. Brewer
Brigadier General
—1st woman general officer on 11MAY1978
—As colonel, 7th and last director of Women Marines during 1973-1977
HA first class Robert E. Bush
—Youngest sailor to earn a MOH
—Under fire he moved from one casualty to another
—assisting other marines, exposed himself to render aid to wounded marine officer while holding plasma in one hand and firing back with the other despite serious wounds, he rendered aid till PT was evacuated
-President Harry S. Truman on 05OCT1945 awarded him MOH
Pharmacist’s mate Second class John H. Bradley
Rushed through mortar barrage and heavy machine gun fire while refusing help and instructing others to stay back. Pulled the casualty 30 yards to safety
21FEB1945
Petty officer Robert Ingram
-Petty officer Ingram awardee MOH after 0600 hours until sunset in the face of death enduring many wounds
{1st wound-palm of hand,
2nd-shot 2 more times aiding others,
3rd-was a life threatening one,
4th-another deadly shot as he was dressing a head wound}
28MAR1966
When do you render a salute?
At least six but no more than 30 paces away
Examples when not to render a salute
—Indoor at work —a prisoner or prisoner guard —battle conditions —ranks, games, or part of working detail —congested areas unless directly addressed —if it interferes with line of duty or may cause harm —while blouse is unbuttoned —while smoking
How do you board a ship from sunset to 0800?
Face aft
Salute ensign
Salute OOD
Request permission to come aboard
How do you depart a ship sunset to 0800?
Salute the OOD request permission to go ashore Go to brow Turn aft Salute ensign
How do you board or depart a ship between the hours of sunset and 0800?
Do as you do to depart or board but do not salute the ensign or turn aft
How is a shipped boarded in terms of ranks?
Board a small boat or ship by inverse order of rank
junior first and others follow according to rank
Officer rank equivalents
O-1 2ndLt = ensign O-2 1stLt = LT jr grade O-3 Capt = LT O-4 MAJOR = LT commander O-5 LT colonel = Commander O-6 Colonel = Captain O-7 BGEN = rear admiral lower half O-8 MGEN = rear admiral upper half O-9 LTGEN = Vice admiral O-10 General = Admiral
What are all the E-9’s?
Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps(3 up and down, EGA with two stars) Sergeant Major (3 up and down, star) Master Gunnery Sergeant (3 up and down, bomb)
What are all the E-8’s?
First Sergeant (3 up and down, diamond) Master Sergeant (3 up and down, cross rifles)
