Section 101 Flashcards
Marine Corps Birthday/Place
10NOV1775 at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia, PA
Who is Smedley D. Butler
Major General.
Earned 2 Medals of Honor:
1) Veracruz
2) First Caco War in Haiti
What are Marine Corps Birthday Celebration Customs?
1st piece of cake goes to oldest Marine present.
2nd piece of cake goes to youngest Marine present.
Reading of General Lejunes birthday message should be included.
Celebration should be as close to 10NOV as possible.
Identify Guidons
Small rectangular flags made in Marine Corps colors carried by companies, batteries or detachments
Identify organizational colors and standards compared to battle colors and standards?
Organizational:
Carried by supporting establishment commands. Scroll on the flag says “United States Marine Corps”.
Battle:
Carried by FMF units. Scroll has unit’s name followed by FMF.
Identify colors and standards of USMC?
Specialized flags carried by military units. The Marine Corps colors are Scarlet w/ Gold Fringe Trim with Marine Corps emblem centered on the flag.
Standards are Marine Colors that are mounted.
Who is Daniel Daly?
During the Battle of Belleau Wood (1918), Sgt Major Daly said “Come on you sons of bitches, do you want to live forever?”
Received 2 Medals of Honor:
1) Chinese Boxer Rebellion
2) First Caco War in Haiti
What is a Marine Fourragere?
Braided rope worn over the left shoulder with the left arm passing through. The rope is only worn in dress and service uniforms when ribbons are prescribed.
5th and 6th Marine Regiments are only Marines authorized to wear it.
Who were the Montford Point Marines?
20,000 African Americans enlisted in the Marine Corps in 1942 at Montford Point Camp in Jacksonville, NC.
They were trained separately and were segregated within the USMC.
They fought professionally and proudly in many battles paving the way for the diversity in the Marine Corps today.
Describe the Marine Corps Emblem and its significance?
Consists of Eagle with the USMC motto in its beak, a Globe (western hemisphere), and a fouled Anchor.
Eagle = Nation’s Freedom
Globe = Worldwide Service
Anchor = Maritime Traditions
Adopted from British Royal Marines and modified by BGen Zeilin in 1868.
Describe the Battle of Belleau Wood?
June 1918.
This battle was at Belleau Wood, France in WWI.
Marines helped crush a German offensive that threatened Paris.
Germans classified Marines as “Storm Troops”
Given the name “Devil Dogs”
Describe the Battle of Hue City?
Jan 1968.
Communist forces launched surprise attack on Hue City in South Vietnam.
DIV sized unit of North Vietnamese Army Troops occupied the city of Hue
Marines fought in built up areas foregoing the application of heavy arms to minimize civilian casualties.
City Secured FEB1968
Who was Annie L Grimes?
CWO.
3rd African American female in USMC.
First black female officer to retire after her “full 20”.
Describe the Battle of the Chosin Reservoir?
Nov 1950.
Marines pushed far into North Korea to be cut off by Chinese Communist Forces.
10 divs attacked, 7 were smashed by the Marines in their march from the Chosin Reservoir.
Marines withdrew.
Major significance of this retrograde movement was Marines brought out all operable equipment, evacuated dead and wounded, and maintained tactical integrity.
Who is John H. Quick?
SGT MAJ Quick is remembered for Cuzco Well in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba.
Won Medal of Honor for semaphoring for an emergency lift of the naval bombardment while under Spanish and American shellfire.
Landing showed usefulness of Marine Assault troops and capture and defense of advance bases becoming primary mission of USMC.
Who is Archibald Henderson?
Brigadier General Archibald Henderson became Commandant in 1820 and held the position until his death in 1859. (39 years)
“Grand Old Man of the Marine Corps”
Explain the term Leatherneck?
Leather stock work as part of uniform from 1775-1875. Protects the neck from sabor slashes.
Identify Molly Marine?
Monument in New Orleans to Women who serve and have served as Marines.
Was dedicated on the Marine Corps Birthday in 1943.
Located in New Orleans because first statue to honor women warriors was Joan D’Arc in Orleans, France.
Explain the term Sempier Fidelis?
Adopted in 1868 meaning “Always Faithful”
Describe the Battle of Iwo Jima.
Feb1945. Marines landed on Iwo Jima in what was the largest and bloodiest all marine battle in history.
Marine Corps suffered over 23,300 casualties.
Admiral Nimitz said “Among the Americans who served on Iwo Island, uncommon valor was a common virtue.”
Describe the Battle of Tarawa.
NOV1943. Japanese said it would take a million Americans 100 years. Marines landed on Tarawa Atoll and Betio Island and secured it within 76 hrs, but paid a heavy price.
Due to the coral. The landing craft drop Marines off hundreds of yards from the beaches. Many casualties from drowning and enemy fire.
Describe the Battle of the Mariana Islands.
June/July 1943.
LT Gen Holland M. Smith led a combined invasion force of Marines and Soldiers that totaled over 136,000. This is the greatest number of troops to operate under Marine Command.
Attack was needed to obtain forward operating bases during WWII.
Describe the Battle of New Orleans.
Jan 1815.
Marines under command of Gen Andrew Jackson soundly defeated British forces that were attacking the city of New Orleans.
British lost 2,000 men while American losses were less than 100.
Who was Gregory R. (“Pappy”) Boyington?
Major Boyington commanded black sheep during WWII.
“Pappy” is recognized for his aerial dogfights.
Major was the top ranking flying with 28 victories (1945)
