section 1 test Flashcards
anatomy
structure or morphology
physiology
functions of body parts
what can effect a persons physiology/
herbs and plants
metabolism
describes a physical and chemical reactions of body. making and breaking
movements
body and organs
responsiveness
reacts tp changes in and out of body
growth
increases in size without change in shape
reproduction
new organisms or new cells
respiration
O2 needed and CO2 removed
digestion
breakdown of food into simple compounds
absorption
passage through membranes
circulation
fluid carries substances through the body
assimilation
changes in chemical form
excretion
removes metabolic waste
environmental requirement of water
metabolism, transport, and regulation
environmental requirements of food
chemical nutrients provide energy
environmental requirements of oxygen
needed to release energy from nutrients
environmental requirements of heat
higher temp. usually have faster chemical reactions
Environmental requirements of pressure
Atmospheric pressure needed for breathing. heart makes blood pressure
Homeostasis
controls our internal environment within stable limits. feedback signals and self regulation
negative feedback
Mechanism used to regulate homeostasis, as body moves away from set point signal is sent to be pushed back
positive feedback
is movement away from a normal state
viscera
organs contain within cavity
appendicular
upper and lower limbs
axial
head, neck and trunk
abdominal
stomach, liver, spleen, gallbladder, SI, and colon
pelvic cavity
terminal end of colon, urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs
diaphragm cavity
separates thoracic from abdominopelvic cavity
thoracic cavity
lungs
mediastinum
located in center of thoracic cavity
parietal pleura
lines thoracic cavity while visceral covers lungs.
Parietal pericardium
lines pericardial cavity, while visceral pericardium (epicardium)
covers heart. Pericardial cavity is any space between visceral pericardium and
parietal pericardium.
Parietal peritoneum
lines walls of abdominopelvic cavity, while visceral peritoneum
covers each organ. All space between these two membranes is peritoneal cavity.
what organ system is for body covering
integumentary
what organ systems are for support and movement
skeletal and muscular
what organ systems are in charge of integration and coordination
nervous and endocrine
what organ system is used for transport
Cardiovascular and lymphatic
reproduction
reproductive
matter
takes up space and has mass
elements
can’t be broken down
atomic symbol
1/2 letter name of element
subatomic particles
protons, neutrons and electrons
protons
1 positive charge, 1 atomic mass unit
electrons
1 negative charge, no mass
neutrons
no charge, 1 atomic mass unit
atomic weight
the combined weight of neutrons and protons
atomic number
number of protons it has
number of neutrons
atomic weight minus atomic number
isotopes
The number of protons remains constant in a given atom, but the number of
neutrons differs. Atomic number remains the same and the number of
neutrons changes.
molecule
smallest part of a compound that still has properties of that compound
simple molecules
2 or more atoms of same element reacting with one another.
Atmospheric oxygen is not O but instead O2
ionic bonds
former when electrons are transferred from sone atom to another
acids
molecules that release H ions
bases
molecules that take up H ions
macromolecules
are polymers made up of monomers. Functional groups can then attach to polymers
Carbohydrates
monosaccharides or simple sugars make up polysaccharides
lipids
Made up of fatty acids on a glycerol backbone. Insoluble in H2O they lack a
polar group.
peptides or proteins
amino acids are monomers
nucleic acids
nucleotide are monomers making up DNA or RNA