Section 1 Structure And Functions In Living Organisms and Cells

Question 0

What are the five stages of organisation? Give an example of each.

Answer 0

Organelles - nucleus, cytoplasm
Cells - blood, skin
Tissues - xylem tissue
Organs - lungs
Organ system - digestive

Question 1

What are the eight characteristics of living organisms?

Answer 1

Movement
Respiration
Surroundings - react to change
Growth 
Reproduce
Excrete their waste 
Internal control 
Nutrition

Question 2

What is an organ?

Answer 2

A group of tissues that work together

Question 3

What organisms are multicellular?

Answer 3

Plants
Animals
Some fungi

Question 4

What do viruses contain?

Answer 4

DNA

RNA

Question 5

Bacteria contain a circular ………..

Answer 5

Chromosome of DNA

Question 6

What is a pathogen?

Answer 6

Organisms that cause disease

Question 7

Enzymes are ………… Catalysts

Answer 7

Biological

Question 8

What molecule is changed in a reaction ?

Answer 8

Substrate

Question 9

What effect does heat have on enzymes?

Answer 9

Higher temperatures increase rate until the optimum then the enzyme denatures

Question 10

What is an optimum PH?

Answer 10

The PH they work best at

Question 11

What is diffusion?

Answer 11

The movement of particles from high to low concentration

Question 12

What is osmosis?

Answer 12

The movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from high to low water concentration

Question 13

What is a plant when it takes in water by osmosis?

Answer 13

Turgid

Question 14

What experiment can be used to investigate diffusion?

Answer 14

Pink agar jelly in dilute acid

Question 15

How can you investigate osmosis?

Answer 15

Potato cylinders (living)

• cut up potato into cylinders and put in beakers with different sugar solutions (one water and one concentrated sugar solution).
• measure length of cylinders and leave a few cylinders in each beaker for half an hour.
• take cylinders out and measure lengths again.
• if longer, they have drawn in water by osmosis.

Visking tube (non-living)

• tie wire around one end of visking tube and put glass tube in other end.
• pour sugar solution down glass tube into visking tube.
• put visking tube in beaker of water and measure where sugar solution comes up to on glass tube.
• leave tubing overnight, then measure where liquid is in glass tube.
• water should be drawn into visking tube by osmosis which will force liquid up the glass tube.

Question 16

What is active transport?

Answer 16

The movement of particles from low to high concentration using energy from respiration

Question 17

What factors affect movement of substances?

Answer 17

Surface area
Temperatures
Concentration gradient

Question 18

What organelles are in plant cells?

Answer 18

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuole.

Question 19

What organelles are present in animal cells?

Answer 19

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane.

Question 20

Name the six main groups that organisms are classified into.

Answer 20

Plants
Animals
Fungi
Bacteria
Protoctists
Viruses.

Question 21

Give examples of viruses.

Answer 21

HIV, Influenza.

Question 22

Give examples of Protoctists.

Answer 22

Amoeba, Chlorella.

Question 23

Give examples of bacteria.

Answer 23

Lactobacillus, Pneumococcus.

Question 24

Give examples of animals.

Answer 24

Mammals, insects.

Question 25

Give examples of plants.

Answer 25

Maize, beans.

Question 26

Give examples of fungi.

Answer 26

Yeast, mucor.

Question 27

Helloooooo

Answer 27

Hooded hyphen