Section 1-3

Question 1

Any sizable group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes religion

Answer 1

Nation

Question 2

The state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries

Answer 2

Sovereignty

Question 3

The institution through which the state maintain social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions that are binding on all people living within the state

Answer 3

Government

Question 4

Precisely identifies a political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority

Answer 4

State

Question 5

The notion that a God or gods have chosen certain people to rule

Answer 5

Divine right theory

Question 6

Thomas Hobbes wrote that in a “state of nature,” no government existed. Without an authority to protect people from one another like was “nasty, brutish, and short.” By contact, people surrendered to the state the power needed to maintain order. The state, in turn, agreed to protect its citizens.

Answer 6

Social contract theory

Question 7

Theorized first on social contract

Answer 7

Thomas Hobbes

Question 8

He defended parliaments overthrow of the king and wrote that people are naturally endowed with the right to life, liberty, and property

Answer 8

John Locke

Question 9

What are the purposes of government?

Answer 9

1. To maintain social order
2. To provide public services
3. To provide for national security and a common defense
4. To provide for and control the economic system

Question 10

Gives all key powers to the national or central government

Answer 10

Unitary system

Question 11

Divides the powers of government between the national government and the state or provincial governments

Answer 11

Federal system

Question 12

Any system of government in which the power and authority to rule are in the hands of a single individual

Answer 12

Autocracy

Question 13

The ideas of a single leader are glorified in the government seeks to control all aspects of social and economic life

Answer 13

Totalitarian dictatorship

Question 14

A king, queen, or Emperor exercises the supreme powers of government; they usually inherit their positions

Answer 14

Monarchy

Question 15

Any system of government in which a small group holds power; the group derives its power from wealth, military power, social position, or a combination of these elements

Answer 15

Oligarchy

Question 16

Any system of government in which rule is by the people

Answer 16

Democracy

Question 17

The people govern themselves by voting on issues individually as citizens

Answer 17

Direct democracy

Question 18

People elect representatives and give them the responsibility and power to make laws and conduct government

Answer 18

Indirect democracy or representative democracy

Question 19

Voters are the source of the governments authority

Answer 19

Republic

Question 20

The effort to control or influence the contact and policies of government

Answer 20

Politics