Chapter 3 Section 3-4 Flashcards
This protects the right of Americans to worship as they please, or to have no religion if they prefer; this also protects freedom of speech and freedom of the press
First amendment
This ensures citizens and the nation the right to security
Second amendment; it does not prevent the government from taking away guns
No one can be tried for a serious crime unless a grand jury has decided there is enough evidence to justify a trial. A person who is found innocent of a crime may not be tried again. No one may be forced to testify against himself
or herself. This also defines eminent domain (taking private property for public use)
The 5th amendment
This protects the right to privacy; it requires authorities to have a specific reason to search a residence or to seize evidence/people
The fourth amendment
This protects the rights of individuals charged with federal crimes to defend themselves in a court trial. They also have the right to a speedy, public trial, and authorities cannot purposely hold a person for an unnecessarily long time awaiting trial. It gives people the right to know charges against them and the right to hear and question all witnesses. They have the right to be defended by a lawyer and can request a change of venue
6th amendment
Prevents judges from ordering someone convicted of a crime to pay an excessive fine. It bans cruel and unusual punishment, limits death penalty and prohibits excessive bail money
8th amendment
This outlaws slavery, protects the rights of freed slaves and all citizens, and prohibits the government from denying a persons right to vote based on race
13-15 amendments
Women have the right to vote
19th amendment
Limits presidents a two year maximum of two elected terms
22nd amendment
Lowers voting age to 18
26th amendment
People are allowed to sell alcoholic beverages
21st Amendment
This limits the powers of government
Bill of Rights
The court should avoid taking initiative on social and political questions
Judicial restraint
The court should play a role in shaping national politics
Judicial activism
The court uses this to interpret the constitution
Judicial review