Secondary Economic Activity

Question 1

What are the 3 types of industries?

Answer 1

Heavy industry 
Light industry 
Multinational corporations (MNC)

Question 2

Inputs at aughinish alumina

Answer 2

Bauxite
Energy
Labour
Maintenance

Question 3

Processes at aughinish alumina

Answer 3

Refining the alumina from the bauxite

Question 4

Outputs at aughinish alumina

Answer 4

Alumina

Red mud waste

Question 5

Reasons for the location of Aughinish alumina

Answer 5

Raw material 
Markets
Transport 
Labour force
Capital

Question 6

Industrial inertia

Answer 6

A factory remains although the reason for its location no longer exist

Question 7

Where were iron and steel mills built and why?

Answer 7

All of the iron and steel mills were built beside the coal mines, because coal is a bulky, heavy raw material. It was expensive and time consuming to transport it.

Question 8

What helped Britain become the most powerful country in the world?

Answer 8

Britain was the leading country of the industrial revolution, mainly because of all the coal and iron ore it had.
It used the steel to make railway tracks, trains, engines, ships, factories, machines, and weapons.

Question 9

Wen did the growth of the Iron and steel industry start?

Answer 9

The 18th century

Question 10

When was the plateau of the Iron and Steel industry in Britain

Answer 10

19th and early 20th century

Question 11

When did the decline of the British Iron and steel industry start?

Answer 11

Around 1960

Question 12

What happened to coal field after about 1960?

Answer 12

Coalfields were exhausted after generations of mining

Question 13

Who made what, which made the demand for British steal decline?

Answer 13

Foreign steel makers in Japan and Germany Produced cheaper steel

Question 14

Where did most iron and steel plants move to after 1960

Answer 14

The coast because iron ore and cheap polish coal could be produced easily

Question 15

Why did The sheffield steel industry not move to the coastline?

Answer 15

Steel smelters were modernised to make them more efficient. Therefore they can compete with imported steel
They are famous for its good quality cutlery. It specialises in Niche Products such as surgical instruments.
It has excellent road and rail connections to its customers.

Question 16

Until when did the women’s roll in society start to change in Ireland ?

Answer 16

The 1970’s

Question 17

What was it like for women in Ireland 100 years ago?

Answer 17

Arranged marriages
Very few women owned property
Women tied to traditional roles of wife and mother
Did not plan families
Very few women worked outside the home

Question 18

Why did things change for women in Ireland?

Answer 18

Free secondary education
Gender equality laws
The increase in the cost of living
Personal and economic reasons

Question 19

What do most Chinese women who work in factories have in common?

Answer 19

From poor rural families.
Travel to the cities to work in the factories
Live in crowded dormitories attached to factory with little privacy
Work long hours for very poor pay
Work at dull, monotonous and repetitive tasks

Question 20

What are the eight location factors?

Answer 20

Government/EU Policy
Markets
Labour 
Resource materials 
Transport facilities 
Capital 
Preferences of business/ local communities 
Services

Question 21

What is made by women in factories in China?

Answer 21

They make things such as toys and clothes which are then exported to countries in Europe, and also to the United States

Question 22

What is life in China like?

Answer 22

Challenging
Intensely crowded
Cities and rivers are very polluted
Little freedom

Question 23

When did change start in China

Answer 23

In 1949
More than 90% of girls enrolled in schools
Life expectancy for women doubled to 75 years

Question 24

What are the 3 types of industrial regions and give 3 examples

Answer 24

Industrialized regions- USA, Japan, Western Europe
Newly industrialized regions- South Korea, China, India
Industrial emergent regions - sub-Saharan Africa, Some parts of Asia and South America

Question 25

Reasons for little or no manufacturing

Answer 25

Poor services such as a lack of electricity and water supplies
Badly developed transport systems such as poor-quality roads and bridges
Some countries in Africa and parts of Asia have had many years of civil war.
Multinationals avoid these regions as a result

Question 26

Disadvantages of industrialization

Answer 26

Industry can bring many benefits to a region.
It provides people with jobs and can improve transport links.
However, industry can also cause pollution. Acid rain is one example.

Question 27

What is acid rain?

Answer 27

Acid rain is formed when sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide are released into the atmosphere from cars and factories.
The gases combine with the water vapour in the atmosphere and fall as acid rain.
Acid rain can form in one region, but can be blown by the wind to another region.

Question 28

What problems can acid rain cause

Answer 28

It washes nutrients from the soil. This causes trees to die. It also stops crops from growing meaning farmers have to use more fertilizer.It wipes out fish stocks in lakes as fish cannot reproduce if the water in the lake is too acidic.
It affects the water quality which can be bad for our health.
It damages old buildings by wearing away the rock.

Question 29

What can we do to solve the problem of acid rain?

Answer 29

Reduce pollution