Second Semester Flashcards
How did the 1935 Nuremberg Laws impact the status of German Jews?
They burned down the Reichstag building and blamed it on the communists. Jews were no longer German citizens.
New Deal legislation was introduced by which U.S. President?
Franklin D. Roosevelt.
How did Adolf Hitler and the Nazi’s gain control of the German government in 1933?
They burned the Reichstag building down and blamed the communists.
Under Soviet collectivization, all farmland was owned by whom?
The Soviet government.
How did Stalin maintain his power in the Soviet Union?
He killed anybody who stood in his way.
Which political movement was established by Benito Mussolini?
Fascism.
Name three groups established by Roosevelt under his New Deal legislation.
The CCC, TBA, WPA.
How did the kulaks (Soviet Peasants) respond to the Soviet collectivization movement?
He destroyed all their crops and their farm animals (scorched earth policy).
Which event led to the destruction of thousands of Jewish businesses and synagogues?
Kristallnacht.
Why did the majority of Italians support Benito Mussolini in the 1920s?
He got Italy’s act together and stopped the spread of communism.
What was the goal of Stalin’s Five Year Plans?
To industrialize Russia.
What was the leading cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929?
Buying on margin,10% down.
Why did many Germans feel betrayed by the Weimar Republic?
They signed the treaty of Versailles which made Germany fall apart.
What event led to the start of World War II?
The German invasion of Poland.
What does D-Day refer to?
The allied invasion of Normandy, France.
Upon what city was the second atomic bomb ever used in warfare dropped?
Nagasaki
What nickname refers to the end of the war in the Pacific?
VJ Day.
What does the “D” in D-Day mean?
Day
What nickname refers to the end of the war in Europe?
VE Day.
What does the term Kamikaze describe?
Japanese suicide pilots
Why is December 7th, 1941 a significant date?
The attack on Pearl Harbor.
Name three European regions that were acquired by Hitler before the start of WWII?
SudetenLand, Austria, Rhineland.
What was the Final Solution?
Germany’s plan to kill all of the Jewish people of the world.
Name three types of concentration camps run by the Nazis?
Labor camps, prison camps, death camps.
Name three things that happened to Japanese-Americans during WWII
They were discriminated against, they were sent to relocation camps, and they lost their homes and businesses.
Why is June 6th, 1944 a significant date?
The day the allies invaded the beaches of Normandy, France.
Why is September 1, 1939 a significant date?
When Germany Invaded Poland, starting World War II.
Who advocated the policy of “appeasing” Hitler before the start of WWII?
Neville Chamberlain.
Why did the Nazi’s put “Arbeit Macht Frei” above the gates of some of the Jewish concentration camps?
To give the Jews a false sense that they may regain their freedom
What was America’s attitude, before the attack of Pearl Harbor, toward getting involved in WWII?
They wanted to be isolationists, They wanted to be uninvolved in foreign affairs.
What were John Steinbeck, James Joyce, and F. Scott Fitzgerald all known for being?
Being authors.
What event marked the beginning of the Great Depression?
The stock market crash.
Il Duce was the title of which of the following leaders?
Mussolini.
What term was used to identify the alliance of Germany, Italy, and Japan?
Axis powers.
What was the goal of the U.S. isolationist policy after World War I?
To stay out of foreign affairs.
Name three art movements from the early 20th century?
Cubism, Dadaism, Surrealism.
What did Fascism promote and encourage?
Extreme nationalism.
What was the policy of appeasement?
Giving Hitler what he wants to avoid war.
Why did Japan invade Manchuria?
To gain access to its iron and coal mines.
What effect did the nonaggression pact between the Nazis and the Soviets have on the balance of power in Europe?
The Nazis didn’t have to worry about the Soviets so they had confidence to move into and attack Europe.
What impact did the radio have on society after the end of World War I?
It unified the country, families, and brought everybody together as a nation.
Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar Republic?
They signed the treaty of Versailles and Germany struggled.
What was the major cause of the collapse of the stock market?
People bought on margin.
What societal fear added to the appeal of Fascism in Italy and Germany?
The rise of communism.
Why did Hitler target the Jewish population as scapegoats for all of Germany’s troubles?
He scapegoated the Jews to unite the German people against a common enemy.
Name three ways the Great Depression impacted the U.S.
High unemployment rate, banking system fell apart, and the economy collapsed.
What does Mein Kampf mean?
My struggle.
What was the idea of “lebensraum”?
The Nazi invasion of neighboring regions to expand the German influence.
Which political party in Germany adopted fascism?
Nazis.
Name three Axis powers that invaded other countries in the 1930s.
Germany, Japan, Italy.
Name three countries that belonged to the Axis Powers.
Germany, Japan, Italy.
Who was the leader of the Third Reich?
Adolf Hitler.
Who did Francisco Franco fight for?
Spanish rebels.
What prompted Great Britain and France to declare war on Germany?
The invasion of Poland.
The German “blitzkrieg” was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?
To overwhelm the enemy defenses.
What crucial lesson was learned in the Battle of Britain?
That Hitler could be stopped.
What was significant about the Battle of Midway?
It was a turning point in control over the war in the Pacific against the Japanese
What event occurred on the day described as “a date which will live in infamy”?
The attack on Pearl Harbor.
Which of the following battles marked the final German offensive of World War II?
The battle of the bulge
Where were atomic bombs dropped during World War II?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
What was the purpose of the Nuremberg Trials?
It was the prosecution of the Nazi war criminals.
What did the Allies’ strategy of “island hopping” in the Pacific involve?
Capture one island out of a chain of islands and skip another island to cut off supplies to neighboring enemy islands.
What does the use of kamikaze pilots show about Japanese culture?
National honor is more important than an individual’s life
What was the U.S. response to Japanese aggression in Southeast Asia in mid-1941?
They stopped trading iron and oil to Japan.
How did the Lend-Lease Act benefit the United States?
Allowed America to support their allies without getting involved.
How were the Holocaust and Hitler’s “Final Solution” related?
These are two terms used to describe the systematic elimination of the Jewish population on earth
Why were thousands of U.S. citizens put in internment camps during the war?
The Americans thought they might be spies for Japan
Why did President Truman agree to use the atomic bomb?
To bring an end to the war and save American lives
Name three advantages that British had in the Battle of Britain.
Radar, breaking of the German code, do or die situation for England.
What was D-Day?
The allies invaded the shores of France
What was the main target of the kamikazes?
Military war ships
What did Stalin repeatedly urge Churchill and Roosevelt to do in order to relieve German pressure on Soviet armies?
Invade France
Which general led the victorious troops in the Battle of El Alamein?
Bernard Montgomery.
Which nation paid the greatest price in terms of the number of lives lost during WWII?
The Soviet Union.
Which nations’ pre-war governments were allowed to return to power after WWII?
All allied nations were under German control. Ie france
Name three things that the Jews were denied by the 1935 Nuremberg laws.
The ability to vote, the ability to marry outside of their group, any position of influence.
What technique did Stalin use to strengthen his control over the Soviet Union?
Fear and murder and intimidation.
Approximately, what percent of the American workforce was unemployed by 1933?
25%.
Who was the former Red Army general that was assassinated in Mexico City?
Leon Trotsky.
Who was the last Axis power to surrender during WWII?
Japan
Name three groups of people selected by the Nazis for extermination.
Jews, homosexuals, and the mentally and physically informed
Name three reasons why the Nazis were unable to defeat the Soviet Union.
The harsh Russian winters, the long supply lines, and the scorched earth policy
What was the “phony war”?
A quiet period of the war after the invasion of Poland.
Why did American insurance companies change their policy about life insurance settlements after the Great Depression?
Desperate people would take out life insurance policies on themselves and then end their lives so that the settlement would go to their families.
What did the U.S. Lend-Lease Act do?
It allowed the U.S. to give military supplies to their allies.
Whose political views were expressed in the book “Mein Kampf”?
Adolf Hitler.
What happened at Nuremberg after the end of WWII?
The trial of Nazi war criminals
What battle turned the tide of the war in North Africa?
The battle of El Alamein.
What was the Battle of the Bulge?
It was the final German military offensive of WWII.
Which battle ended Japanese naval superiority in the Pacific?
The battle of midway
How were most Jews murdered in the Nazi death camps?
By the use of poison gas (Zyklon B)
What did the Nazis do with the human hair of their victims?
It was used as a mattress and pillow stuffing for German submarines
What did some Nazis do with the remains of Holocaust victims?
They made creepy art work like lamp shades with the skin
Why did the Nazis remove the teeth of some Holocaust victims?
To get to the gold fillings.
How did the Nazis trick the Jews into entering the gas chambers?
The victims were told that they were going to take a shower
What kind of experiments did the Nazis perform on Jews?
They injected the victims with diseases to see how long it took for them to die which were fairly useless experiments.
How did the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki get their names?
They were named after their shape.
When did the term “ghetto” gain recognition?
After World War Two
What does “arbeit macht frei” mean?
“Work will make you free”
What does “lebensraum” mean?
Living room or living space.
