History Renaissance

Question 1

Why is the Medici family important to the Italian Renaissance?

Answer 1

for being rulers and supporters of the arts.

Question 2

What was the first full-sized book Gutenberg printed?

Answer 2

the Holy Bible.

Question 3

In what way did Leonardo da Vinci represent the Renaissance Man?

Answer 3

He was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and scientist.

Question 4

What is the practice of selling indulgences?

Answer 4

The clergy sold certificates that reduced the penalties for people’s sins.

Question 5

Who declared himself the head of the English Church?

Answer 5

Henry VIII.

Question 6

What was one of John Calvin’s major teachings?

Answer 6

predestination

Question 7

What kind of person represented the ideal of the “Renaissance man”?

Answer 7

someone who excelled in many areas of study and many skills.

Question 8

What was an important effect of the invention of the printing press?

Answer 8

It increased literacy & the use of the vernacular while spreading new ideas.

Question 9

What were Martin Luther’s main beliefs?

Answer 9

The Bible is the sole source of religious truth.

Question 10

What was the main reason for Henry VIII’s split with the Roman Catholic Church?

Answer 10

His desire for a male heir to take over the throne of England.

Question 11

What were the main ideas at the Council of Trent?

Answer 11

The Church’s Latin version of the Bible was the only acceptable version.

Question 12

The Peace of Augsburg ended a war between the supporters of which two groups?

Answer 12

Catholic princes and Protestant princes in the Holy Roman Empire (Germany).

Question 13

What does it mean to write in the “vernacular”?

Answer 13

writes in a local everyday language of the region.

Question 14

What earlier cultures did the humanists study?

Answer 14

classical Greek and Roman culture.

Question 15

Which religion promoted the baptism of adults only?

Answer 15

Anabaptists

Question 16

What is predestination?

Answer 16

God determines the fate of every person.

Question 17

Why were the Italians interested in the study of ancient societies?

Answer 17

their Roman heritage and Italy’s contact with the knowledge from the east.

Question 18

Describe geographically how Europe was religiously divided after the Protestant Reformation.

Answer 18

a Protestant north and a Catholic south.

Question 19

What was the name of the religious group that wanted to eliminate all aspects of Catholicism from the Anglican Church in England?

Answer 19

Puritans

Question 20

Which pope hired Michelangelo to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

Answer 20

Pope Julius lI.

Question 21

What was one of the main criticisms Martin Luther had about the Catholic Church?

Answer 21

certificates of indulgences.

Question 22

Describe the role of the Jesuits

Answer 22

pursuit of knowledge, missionary work, and complete obedience to the pope.

Question 23

What is justification by faith?

Answer 23

When a person could be made just or good simply by faith in God’s love and mercy.

Question 24

What caused the relationship between England and the Catholic Church to weaken and fail?

Answer 24

Henry Vill’s decision to divorce Catherine of Aragon.

Question 25

How did Gutenberg facilitate the spread of new ideas?

Answer 25

By developing a revolutionary printing method.

Question 26

What were certificates of indulgences supposed to do?

Answer 26

They were a reduction of punishments for sins.

Question 27

What did Baroque art emphasize?

Answer 27

drama, emotion, and exaggeration.

Question 28

Where did the Renaissance begin?

Answer 28

Italy

Question 29

Name three beliefs of the humanists.

Answer 29

1. an admiration of classical cultures.
2. people should participate and develop skills in a variety of activities.
3. every individual has dignity and worth.

Question 30

Name three beliefs of Lutheranism

Answer 30

1. the importance of an occupation as a vocation.
2. the use of the Bible as the sole source of truth.
3. the achievement of salvation by faith alone.

Question 31

Name three things that the printing press allowed to happen

Answer 31

1. new ideas were spreading all over Europe.
2. books were printed faster.
3. more people could afford books.

Question 32

Name three goals of the Counter-Reformation

Answer 32

1. stopping the spread of the Protestantism.
2. allowing only one acceptable version of the Bible which is in Latin.
3. celebrating Mass in Latin and not in the vernacular.

Question 33

The Reformation began when Martin Luther posted his 95 theses on the church doors in which country?

Answer 33

Germany

Question 34

What was the controversy surrounding William Shakespeare?

Answer 34

If he actually wrote all of his pays or not.

Question 35

What new art medium did Jan Van Eyke introduce?

Answer 35

Oil painting.

Question 36

How many of Henry VIII’s wives lost her head?

Answer 36

Two.

Question 37

What did the Peace of Augsburg do?

Answer 37

German princes were told to choose the religion of the region that they controlled.

Question 38

What was the Renaissance and what does it translate to mean?

Answer 38

A period of profound cultural awakening in Western Europe.

Means “rebirth.”

Question 39

What was the book the Prince about?

Answer 39

Machiavelli’s effort to provide a guide for political action based on the lessons of history and his own experience as a foreign secretary in Florence.

Question 40

Which author was known for writing sonnets and is considered the “father of humanism”?

Answer 40

Francesco Petrarcha (Petrarch).

Question 41

Name the three Italian cities that were important to the development of Renaissance art.

Answer 41

1. Florence.
2. Venice.
3. Rome.

Question 42

Which Italian Renaissance artist was known for creating the first free-standing nude statue since ancient times?

Answer 42

Donatello

Question 43

Which Renaissance artist is believed to have belonged to a secret society?

Answer 43

Leonardo da Vinci

Question 44

Name three ways that the Northern Renaissance was different from the Italian Renaissance.

Answer 44

1. Italian Renaissance artists took an interest in ancient art & architecture.
2. The Northern Renaissance artists focused on realism and great details.
3. The Northern Renaissance artists focused on everyday life.

Question 45

What inventions did da Vinci sketch?

Answer 45

The helicopter, the tank, and the parachute.

Question 46

Which da Vinci sketches were published in medical journals?

Answer 46

sketches of the human muscular system.

Question 47

What were Martin Luther’s intentions when he posted the 95 theses?

Answer 47

To inform people of his ideas and spark a debate about what he considered improper practices and beliefs of the Catholic Church in the hopes of reforming religion.

Question 48

Name three reasons why indulgences were purchased by parishioners.

Answer 48

the sins of their dead relatives.

Question 49

What document made the king of England the leader of the English church?

Answer 49

Act of Supremacy.

Question 50

How did “Bloody” Mary get her nickname?

Answer 50

By ordering the death of English protestants who opposed her.