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CMSD5050 Fundamentals of Speech Science > Second Part: Finals questions V > Flashcards

Second Part: Finals questions V Flashcards

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1
Q

What are Respiratory Disorders?

A

Any issue that impedes air movement and oxygen exchange

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2
Q

What is Dyspnea?

A

feeling of discomfort in breathing in or out– SOB, chest tightness, effort, SOBOE

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3
Q

What are the causes of dyspnea?

A

Obstructive, restrictive or central issues, fatigue or exercise, stress or emotion

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4
Q

What are the 3 classifications of Respiratory Disorders?

A

Restrictive
Obstructive
Central

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5
Q

What 3 ways that can cause narrowing or blockage of the pathways? (Obstruction)

A

Foreign body
Inflammation
Spasms of the smooth airway muscle

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6
Q

Obstructive Respiratory Disorders commonly affects:

A

Exhalation
(Asthma, Bronchitis,Emphysema, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)

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7
Q

Restrictive Lung Diseases often affect:

A

Inspiration
(Fibrosis, Connective Tissue Diseases, Neuromuscular Diseases, Diseases of the Pleura)

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8
Q

Central Respiratory Disorders are caused by:

A

neurological dysfunction in respiratory brain centers in the brain stem

(Ex: CVA, Medications that depress nervous system function, ALS, Brain tumor, Muscular Dystrophy)

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9
Q

How can Parkinson’s affect respiration?

A

weakness, low dB may be partly from reduced respiratory support (muscular rigidity—restrictive resp prob).

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10
Q

How can Cervical Spinal Cord injury affect respiration?

A

May have weakness or paralysis of respiratory muscles

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11
Q

How can Spatic Cerebral Palsy affect respiration?

A

Too much tone, but also weakness

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12
Q

How can Athenoid Cerebral Palsy affect respiration?

A

Involuntary movements; uncontrolled, irregular movements (bursts of in/exhalation)

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13
Q

How can Ataxic Cerebral Palsy affect respiration?

A

incoordination; irregular rate, rhythm and depth of tidal breathing

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14
Q

What is an intervention for Cerebral Palsy to breath better?

A

Strengthen respiratory muscles

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15
Q

What growths on the Vocal folds can cause Voice Disorders?

A

VF nodules

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16
Q

What are Hyperfunctional voice disorders?

A

shallow resp, poor coordination of expiration and phonation, clavicular breathing

17
Q

What is Stuttering?

A

Disorder characterized by disfluencies. Difficulty coordinating respiration with the production of sound during fluent AND stuttered speech

18
Q

What are interventions strategies for Voice Disorders?

A

Start phonation at higher lung volumes.
Stop phonating before they get too empty.

19
Q

What is the difference between Vocal Cord Dysfunction and Asthma?

A

VCD have trouble taking in a full breath
Asthma attacks feel like they can’t expel their breath

20
Q

What are different issues that can affect respiration? (5)

A

neurological disorders,
asthma,
stuttering,
dysphonia,
mechanical ventilation

21
Q

What is FVC?

A

Forced vital capacity: How much air can you get out after a full breath in?

22
Q

What is FEV1?

A

Forced expiratory volume: How much air can you dump in 1 second? (usually worse in airway disorders, reflects large and medium airways)

23
Q

In a spirometer graph, normal Flow volume loops look like a __________________?

A

Canine Tooth

24
Q

What Neurological Disorders can affect breathing?

A

Parkinson’s,
ALS,
MD,
Spinal Cord Injury,
CP

25
Q

In the MYOELASTIC-AERODYNAMIC THEORY complete which of these forces are adductors or abductors?

  1. elasticity of vocal folds (myoelastic: ___________________)
  2. Bernoulli principle (aerodynamic: ___________________)
  3. subglottal pressure (aerodynamic: __________________)
A

1 elasticity of vocal folds (myoelastic: adducting)
2 Bernoulli principle (aerodynamic: adducting)
3 subglottal pressure (aerodynamic: abducting)

26
Q

Is the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) is the larynx an adductor or abductor?

A

abductor

27
Q

Is the lateral cricoarytenoid (LCA) is the larynx an adductor or abductor?

A

Adductor

28
Q

What are stops consonants?

A

Blockage of air, then a burst

29
Q

What are fricative consonants?

A

Turbulence from severe narrowing/constriction of air flow

30
Q

What are Affricative consonants?

A

Combine properties of stops and fricatives (a stop released to frication) (as
in the start and end of the words Church (voiceless palatal affricate) and Judge
(voiced palatal affricate).

31
Q

What are the three characteristics to describe Consonants?

A
  1. Voicing (voiced or unvoiced)
  2. Placement (alveolar, interdental, labiodental, palatal, velar, pharyngeal, glottal)
  3. Manner (stop, fricative, affricate
32
Q

What is Dysarthria?

A

speech musculature is weak,
paralyzed or uncontrolled

33
Q

What is VOT?

A

VOT reflects the time elapsed after the stop burst when voice begins.

34
Q

What is the name of the condition where the uvula is split into two?

A

Submucous Cleft Palate

CMSD5050 Fundamentals of Speech Science (11 decks)

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