Oscillations and Vibrations ll

Question 1

What is amplitude?

Answer 1

Maximum displacement from equilibrium (in m)

Question 2

What is Vmax?

Answer 2

Maximum speed of oscillator (in m/s)

Question 3

What is amax?

Answer 3

Maximum acceleration of the oscillator (in m/s2)

Question 4

What is Fmax?

Answer 4

Maximum restoring force on the oscillating object (in N)

Question 5

Describe the period related to vibrations.

Answer 5

The time for one complete cycle of the oscillation (in s)

Question 6

Describe the frequency related to vibrations.

Answer 6

The number of cycles in one second (in Hertz)

Question 7

Formula to find period:

Answer 7

T = total amount of time/total number of cycles

Question 8

Formula to find frequency:

Answer 8

f= total number of cycles/ total amount of time

Question 9

Formula for position at a given time. (x as a function of time)

Answer 9

x ( t ) = A cos ( 2π f t )

Question 10

Formula for velocity at a given time. (velocity as a function of time)

Answer 10

v ( t ) = - 2 π A f cos( 2π f t )

Question 11

Formula for acceleration at a given time. (acceleration as a function of time)

Answer 11

a ( t ) = - 4 πsquared A fsquared cos( 2π f t )

Question 12

What is a wave?

Answer 12

Traveling disturbances or traveling oscillations that transfer energy in a medium

Question 13

What are the two main types of waves?

Answer 13

Mechanical and Electromagnetic waves

Question 14

Describe Mechanical waves:

Answer 14

Require a material (or medium) to travel through or propagate through ex water waves, sound waves on guitar strings etc…

Question 15

Describe Electromagnetic waves:

Answer 15

Do not require a medium to travel through (they can travel through empty space/ a vacuum) ex microwaves

Question 16

What of types mechanical waves?

Answer 16

Transverse waves and Longitudinal waves (also referred to as compressional waves)

Question 17

Describe transverse waves.

Answer 17

The direction of the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.

Question 18

Describe longitudinal waves.

Answer 18

The direction of the disturbance is parallel or antiparallel to the direction of propagation.

Question 19

What is positive atmospheric pressure?

Answer 19

Above atmospheric or normal ambient pressure.

Question 20

What is negative atmospheric pressure?

Answer 20

below atmospheric or normal ambient pressure.

Question 21

What are the two phases of air pressure in a wave?

Answer 21

Compression and rarefaction

Question 22

Formula for force at a given time. (acceleration as a function of time)

Answer 22

a ( t ) = - 4 πsquared A fsquared m cos( 2π f t )