Second Anglo-Powhatan War 1622-1632 Flashcards
1618: optimistic accounts of
Growth of the English settlement
Silent complicity of the indigenous people
Expanding their land claim
George Thorpe arrived May 1620
Had a mission to convert indigenous people to Christianity
Thorpe 1621
Parleyed with Opechancanough who accepted the gift of a new house
Opechancanough led the English to believe
He might convert
Opechancanough had been planning
A concerted offensive against English encroachment upriver from Jamestown
Area had been increasing in English population because of headright system
22 March 1622
Surprise attack launched
Happened to be Good Friday
A Declaration of the Colony and Affairs in Virginia published 1622
The great riches and blessings of the country that diligence and care can improve
However, the country is not good because the natives are bad
Barbarous savageness needs more cultivation than the ground
The English tilled the land well meant they had a good harvest
Unlike the indigenous
Indigenous deception
2 days before massacre, group of English guided safely through the woods
Like previous evenings, came into English homes without bows and arrows; carried deer, turkey etc
George Thorpe cited as
A glorious martyr
John Hopkins medallion, figure in the foreground thought to be him
Nemattanew (to English ‘Jack of the feather’)
Powhatan’s greatest warrior
Promoted idea he was invincible against bullets
Led many assaults on the English (who were pushing into the Henrico area)
Death of Nemattanew
Shot and killed by 2 servants of settler called Morgan
Nemattanew had persuaded Morgan to trade with Pamunkey; Morgan was then murdered
Declaration stated that
347 people were massacred
Richard Pace
Employed by Company, given 100 acres after 7 years
Pace’s Paines located across the James river from Jamestown
Chanco: servant of William Perry living in Pace’s household
Warned Pace of an impending attack
Rowed over the river to warn Jamestown
Of the 347 dead, none from Jamestown
Eastern shore home to around 2000 Accawmack (nominal members of Powhatan Confederacy)
Separation of water left them semi-autonomous
Friendly relations between them and English particularly through the starving times
Thomas Savage
Arrived in colony in 1608 aged 13
Became Powhatan interpreter
Awarded land, named Savage’s Neck in 1620
Thomas Savage and Debedeavon 1621
Warned Governor Yeardley that the Powhatans were planning an uprising
Governor mustered all plantations
The Virginia Muster of 1624-1625
Designed as a head count of those still alive following the massacre
Names arranged by place of residence
Relation and ages not given
Massacre was followed by
Starvation and disease
Took many more colonists
Assembly of 1624
Captain John Wilcocks and Henry Watkins chosen as burgesses
Clement Dilke of Accomac
Granted by Yeardley 1626
A lease of 20 acres belonging to the late Company
Jane Dickenson petition to Court 30 March 1624
Petitioned the court for her release from Potts’ servitude; patriarchy controlling her
She had been captured during the war, meant she felt she had served the colony
Considered her indentured life as the same to her slavery with the indigenous
Dr John Potts: colony’s only physician
22 May 1623
Captain Tucker bartered for the release of prisoners
Offered Apochanzion a sack poisoned by Potts
Killed 200 indigenous people; more killed by gunfire
August 1624: Earl of Warwick sent Mr Povy witht the commission
To sack Potts
Unfit to be employed by the State for being a poisoner
Was later cleared of the charges
Potts went on to
Be Governor 1628-30
Obtain several large plantations
