Sea level change Flashcards

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1
Q

What is sea level change due to? (Sea coasts)

A

Either eustatic or isostatic change

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2
Q

What is eustatic change? (Sea coasts)

A

The rise and fall in sea level

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3
Q

What are the characteristics of eustatic change? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Effects are always global
  • Decrease temperature means more precipitation falls as snow
  • This increases the volume of water stored in glaciers, reducing volume of water in the sea
  • Increased temperature melts the ice sheets
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4
Q

What is isostatic change? (Sea coasts)

A

The land rising relative to the sea level rise. Any downward movement of the land causes the sea level to rise

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5
Q

What are the characteristics of isostatic change? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Effects are always local
  • Caused by vertical movements in the land
  • Subsidence of land due to shrinkage from draining marshland can lead to isostatic change
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6
Q

What are the impacts of sea level change? (Sea coasts)

A
  • frequent coastal flooding
  • low lying islands
  • changes in coastline
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7
Q

What is the impact of more frequent coastal flooding, with examples? (Sea coasts)

A

Flooding of low lying land has increased due to sea level rise

e.g St Marks square, Venice has flooded 100 times since 1996

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8
Q

What is the impact of low lying islands, with examples? (Sea coasts)

A

They have disappeared completely due to sea level rise

e.g Maldives, if there is a 0.5m rise they will disappear

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9
Q

What is the impact of changes to the coastline, with examples? (Sea coasts)

A

Coastline changes and islands are created. The area of land decreases

e.g Britian’s separation from mainland Europe

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10
Q

What are the features of a coastline of submergence? (Sea coasts)

A

RIA’s
Fjords
Dalmatian coastline

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11
Q

What are RIA’s? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Formed when river valleys have been partially submerged
  • Long and cross profile
  • Wide/deep at the mouth and become narrow/shallow further inland
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12
Q

What are fjords? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Drowned glacier valleys
  • Straight and narrow
  • Steep sides
  • Shallow mouth and deeper inland
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13
Q

What are dalmatian coastlines? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Areas where valleys lie parallel to the coast
  • Form from increase in sea level
  • Valleys flood, leaving islands
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14
Q

What are the features of an emergence coastline? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Raised beaches
  • Abandoned coastline
  • Slope over wall cliff
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15
Q

What are raised beaches? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Formed when fall in sea level exposes wave cut platforms
  • Over time beech sediment becomes vegetated
  • Develops into soil
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16
Q

What are abandoned coastlines? (Sea coasts)

A
  • Cliffs raised above beaches are no longer eroded by the sea
  • Slowly covered in vegetation
  • Gradually weather over time
17
Q

What is a slope over wall cliff? (Sea coasts)

A
  • The result of combined sea fall and sea rise
  • Formed in periglacial conditions
  • Erosion at the base forming the vertical cliff