Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr 2 - Reproductive System > SDL - Vessels and Nerves in Pelvis > Flashcards

SDL - Vessels and Nerves in Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

What vertebral level is the bifurcation of the abdominal aorta?

A

L4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the external iliac artery pass? What artery does it give off?

A

Passes underneath the inguinal ligament to become to femoral artery

Gives off the inferior epigastric artery before it passes under the inguinal ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the inferior epigastric artery anastomose with?

A

Superior epigastric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What arteries supply structures in the pelvis?

A

Internal iliac artery, gonadal artery, ureteric artery, IMA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How does the internal iliac artery commonly branch?

A

It divides into a small posterior trunk, which supplies the body wall and gluteal region, and a larger anterior trunk that supplies the pelvic viscera, the perineum, the gluteal region and the thigh.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the visceral branches of the internal iliac artery supply?

A

All of the pelvic organs except the gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the first visceral branch off the anterior division of the internal iliac give rise to?

A

Superior vesical arteries (branches of umbilical artery)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is contained in the medial umbilical ligament?

A

Obliterated umbilical artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What forms the median and lateral umbilical ligaments?

A

Median - urachus

Lateral - inferior epigastric artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The inferior vesical artery of the male supplies part of the bladder. What else does it supply?

A

Prostate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which branches of internal iliac artery pass out of the pelvis? Which area does each of these branches supply?

A

Internal pudendal –> perineum

Gluteal –> gluteal region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which branches of the internal pudendal artery supply the erectile tissue of the penis in males and of the clitoris and vestibule in females?

A

Male –> dorsal arteries of penis, deep arteries of penis, arteries of the bulb of penis

Female –> dorsal arteries of the clitoris, deep arteries of clitoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is venous blood passed from pelvic viscera to internal iliac veins?

A

Most of the pelvic viscera are surrounded by networks of veins, into which they drain.

From these networks, venous blood passes via vessels which mirror the arteries to reach the internal iliac veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which vessels do the gonadal veins drain into?

A

Left gonadal vein –> left renal vein

Right gonadal vein –> IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does lymph from most of the pelvic viscera drain to?

A

internal iliac lymph nodes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do the internal iliac nodes then drain?

A

External iliac nodes..

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Into which nodes do the gonads drain?

A

Left and right lumbar lymph nodes. This is different from the skin of the labia and scrotum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the nerves present in the pelvis?

A

The obturator nerve, the sacral plexus and its branches and sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nerves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the course of the obturator nerve

A

The obturator nerve runs behind the ovary and leaves the pelvis (through an opening in the obturator muscle called the obturator canal) and enters the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the sacral plexus formed by?

A

The ventral rami of the first four sacral nerves. It also receives a contribution from the ventral rami of the fourth and fifth lumbar nerves.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What nerves does the sacral plexus give off?

A

The plexus gives off a number of branches supplying the lower limb, including the very large sciatic nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the sciatic nerve run?

A

Leaves the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Where does the internal pudendal nerve run?

A

Runs together with the internal pudendal artery to supply perineal structures. Leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the pudendal nerve a branch of?

A

The sacral plexus

25
Q

What is the sciatic nerve a branch of?

A

The sacral plexus

26
Q

What parasympathetic outflow does the sacral plexus give rise to in the pelvis?

A

The pelvic splanchnic nerves

27
Q

Which nerves are responsible for genital erection?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerves

28
Q

Where are the pelvic splanchnic nerves formed from?

A

Branches of 2nd, 3rd, 4th sacral segmental nerves

29
Q

What pelvic plexus do the pelvic splanchnic nerves contribute to?

A

The inferior hypogastric plexus in the fascia around the rectum, as they travel to the pelvic viscera

30
Q

What role do these parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves play in micturition?

A

Urinating –> contraction of detrusor muscle

31
Q

What are sympathetic fibres to the pelvic viscera supplied by?

A

The thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves

32
Q

Where do the thoracic and lumbar splanchnic nerves branch off? Where do they travel?

A

Branch off the sympathetic chain and travel down into the pelvis via a number of midline plexuses, eventually joining the pelvic plexus

33
Q

What is the pelvic outlet almost completely occluded by?

A

Muscles of the pelvic floor

34
Q

Where does the piriformis arise from?

A

The anterior aspect of the sacrum and passes out of the greater sciatic foramen

35
Q

Where does the obturator internus muscle originate?

A

From the deep surface of the obturator membrane and the bone surrounding the obturator foramen

36
Q

How does the tendon of the obturator internus leave the pelvic cavity?

A

Via the lesser sciatic foramen

37
Q

Where do the tendons of obturator internus and piriformis insert?

A

Greater trochanter of femur

38
Q

What are the actions of these muscles (obturator internus and piriformis)?

A

Lateral rotation and abduction of femur at hip joint

39
Q

Where is the obturator canal? What travels through it?

A

Passageway through obturator fascia that creates communication between pelvis and medial thigh

Obturator artery, nerve and vein (neurovascular bundle)

40
Q

What is the pelvic floor formed by?

A

Levator ani muscles and coccygeus

41
Q

The levator ani muscles and coccygeus are attached laterally to the pelvic wall; to which structures?

A

Pubic bone, tendinous arch, ischial spine

42
Q

What is the coccygeus muscle sometimes known as?

A

Ischiococcygeus

43
Q

Where does the iliococcygeus arise from?

A

Arises from the ischial spine and from the posterior part of the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia, and is attached to the coccyx

44
Q

Where does the puborectalis arise from?

A

From pubic bone (lateral to pubic symphysis on both sides) and encircles the rectum

45
Q

Where does the pubococcygeus arise?

A

From the body of the pubic bone and the anterior aspect of the tendinous arch.

The fibres travel around the margin of the urogenital hiatus and run posteromedially, attaching at the coccyx

46
Q

Where does the coccygeus arise?

A

Arises by its apex from the ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament, and inserts into the coccyx and into the side of the lowest piece of the sacrum.

47
Q

How do the levator ani and coccygeus converge in the midline?

A

They interdigitate around the urogenital and anal hiatuses

48
Q

What is the perineal body? What is its function?

A

Fibrous structure posterior to urogenital hiatus and in front of rectum.

Point of convergence for levator ani muscles. Helps to stabilise the pelvic floor.

49
Q

What are the attachments of coccygeus muscle?

A

Arises from ischial spine to inferior end of sacrum and coccyx

50
Q

What is the coccygeus ligament adherent to on its gluteal surface?

A

The sacrospinous ligament

51
Q

What is effect of puborectalis muscle?

A

Forms a ‘sling’ around the rectum as it pierces the pelvic diaphragm, pulling the gut tube anteriorly, so that the anal canal descends at an angle of approximately 900 to the rectum

52
Q

Why is this arrangement of puborectalis muscle important?

A

This angle is important in maintaining faecal continence

53
Q

What is an episiotomy? When and why is it carried out?

A

A cut through the pelvic floor between the vagina and rectum (perineal body) to enlarge the vaginal.

54
Q

Which bones make up the bony pelvis?

A

Pubis, ischium and ilium

55
Q

Which bony features define the pelvic brim?

A

Promontory of sacral ala
Arcuate line
Pecten pubis
Pubic crest

56
Q

What runs between the ASIS and pubic tubercle?

A

Inguinal ligament

57
Q

Which ligaments contribute to the borders of the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrospinous ligament

58
Q

Which ligaments contribute to the borders of the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

Yr 2 - Reproductive System (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions