SDG: INTRO Flashcards by Thomas Hasiweder

Q

What is Analytical Chemistry?

A

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Q

Analytical Chemistry: Fields of application

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Q

The wheel of development

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Biochemistry and Medicine

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Environmental Science and Technology

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Importance of trace analysis Sample preparation

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Geological and Industrial applications

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The Computer, Then and Now

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Q

What dimensions are we talking about?

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Q

Extrinsic defects

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Si-surface preparation needs

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Q

Ultrathin SiO2 gate oxide

A

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Q

What is Micro and Trace analysis?

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Q

SI Units

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Q

SI Units

CONVERT

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Q

SI Units

PREFIX

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Q

Trace elements and their importance

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Q

Figures of merit

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Q

Accuracy

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Precision

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Q

Accuracy and Precision

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Q

TRUE VALUE

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Q

Accuracy and precision

CALCULATE

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Q

Accuracy Certified Reference Materials

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Q

Certified Reference Material

document

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Q

Accuracy and precision role of sample preparation

A

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Q

Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success

statistical aspects

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Q

Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success

example 1

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Q

Sample preparation – cause of errors, key to success

error distribution

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Q

Calibration curves

slope

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Q

Calibration curves

linear regression

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Q

Presentation of data Tables and graphs

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Sensitivity
calibration

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Q

analytical sensitivity

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Q

Detection limit

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Q

Dynamic range

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Q

accuracy
acid digestion
aliquot
analyte
bias
calibration (curve)
certified reference

A

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Q

complexing agent

confidence interval

confidence limit

contamination

coprecipitation

dilution factor

dry ashing

A

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Q

error

extraction

figure of merit

fitness of purpose

heterogenity

homogenity

interferent

A

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Q

limit of detection

limit of quantitation

linear dynamic range

linearity

liquid liquid extraction

A

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Q

matrix

measurand

method

microwave digestion

outlier

precision

qualitative analysis

quality assurance

quality control

quality control charta

quantitative analysis

A

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Q

reagent

reagent blank

recovery

reference material

repeatability

reproducibility

robustness

sample

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Q

selectivity

signal to noise ratio

solvent extraction

speciation

standard

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Q

internal standard

standard method

stock solution

sub sample

true value uncertainty

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Q

Defining the problem

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Q

Methodology for Trace Elemental Analysis

A

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Q

Stages of Trace Analysis

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Q

Defining the problem

A

Q

Sample preparation General concerns

A

Q

Selecting the method

A

Q

Sampling – is not gambling!

A

Gold panning is a wonderfully clear example of ‘sampling based on hope’, a clear example of gambling (Pierre Gy)

Q

Size does not matter

A

Q

Distributional heterogeneity

A

Q

Analysis: sampling + measurement

A

Q

Impact of sampling errors

A

Q

Sampling: general strategy

A

Q

Different Approaches to Sampling

A

Q

Sources of error

A

Q

Contamination during sampling

geological

A

Q

Contamination during sampling

soils and air

A

Q

Contamination during sampling

water and biological

A

Q

Contamination during sampling and handling

glassware

A

Q

Contamination during sampling and handling

And plasticware

A

Q

Do containers pose problems?

A

Q

Container materials

platinum and plastics

A

Q

Container materials

lpde or hpde

A

Q

How about the chemicals?

A

Q

Preparing pure chemicals

A

Q

High purity chemicals

A

Q

High purity water

A

Q

storage of High purity water

A

Q

Not only contamination, but also loss of sample can occur …

A

Q

Adsorption processes

A

Q

Preventing adsorption

A

Q

Complexing agents

A

Q

Not only contamination, but also loss of sample can occur …

A

Q

adsorption on glass

A

Q

adsorption of metal ions on oxide surface from aqueous solution

A

Q

problems of fe and high ph?

A

Q

The working environment Particles, particles, particles …

A

Q

The origin of particles

A

Q

The origin of contamination any material is a source

A

Q

The origin of contamination The human is the largest source

A

Q

Human contamination

A

Q

Proper sample handling

A

Q

Classification of clean rooms

A

Q

Classification of clean rooms

standards

A

Q

Classification of clean rooms

sketch

A

Q

Classification of clean rooms

Keep critical steps to restricted high quality areas

A

Q

Classification of clean rooms

GUIDELINES

A

Q

Cleanroom effectiveness

A

Q

Sample preparation

A

Q

Sample preparation wet decomposition

A

Q

Chemicals used in sample preparation

A

Q

Sample preparation wet decomposition

A

Q

Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics

summary of some common inorganic dissolutions using nitric acid:

A

Q

Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics

example

A

Q

Sample preparation Acid digestion of inorganics

redox reaction

A

Q

Sample preparation Aqua Regia

A

Q

Sample preparation Acid digestion of organics

A

Q

Sample preparation Comparison open and closed systems

A

Q

Sample preparation Closed systems

sketch of vessel

A

Q

Sample preparation Closed systems

A

Q

Sample preparation Ashing

A

Q

Sample preparation combustion

dry ashing

low T ashing

A

Q

Sample preparation Combustion

vessel

A

Q

Sample preparation Combustion in closed systems

A

Q

Sample preparation Ashing

advantages

disadvantages

A

Q

Sample preparation Fusion

A

Q

Sample Preservation

A

Q

Method validation

A

Q

Maintaining quality

A

Q

Further sample preparation

A

Q

(Pre)Concentration of sample -> ‘increase’ concentration

A

Q

Organic extraction of metals

A

Q

Complexing agents

A

Q

Organic extraction of metals

equations

A

Q

Organic extraction of metals

distributions

A