FDS: spectroscopy intro Flashcards by Thomas Hasiweder

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OUTLINE

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sampling to results

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Basic principles of Spectroscopy

Some key aspects:

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Applications in spectroscopy are all based on?

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Dual character of light

general

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Wavelike character :

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Energy transferred per photon is given by the Einstein-Planck relation:

equations

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Energy transferred per photon is given by the Einstein-Planck relation: Conversion factors

table

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Spectra of atoms and molecules

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Classical mechanics

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Electrons occupy discrete energy levels

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Poly-electron atom

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Poly-electron atom

shells

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Absorption spectrum for Sodium (Na) (vapor)

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sodium

discrete values

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For polyatomic molecules: molecular orbitals

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For polyatomic molecules: molecular orbitals

scheme

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For polyatomic molecules: molecular orbitals are involved Transitions:

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Magnitude of the energy “gap” defines the wavelength region

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Visible light wavelength range

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Quantum principles and spectroscopy

delta E?

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Based on their electronic structure and characteristics: Clear difference in the observed absorption or emission spectra for

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NMR to gamma ray

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Wavelength regions

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Dependence on the nature of the species

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OUTLINE

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Monochromator:

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Output of a typical wavelength selector

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PRISM Based on Snell’s Law

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PRISM Refractive index of the prism

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PRISM dispersion

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Transmittance of construction materials

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Monochromator: DIFFRACTION GRATING

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DIFFRACTION GRATING Dispersion:

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reflection grating

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FILTER

3 types

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FILTER

interference vs absorption

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Heated solids

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Sources (line and continuum)

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Hollow Cathode Lamp (HCL)

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OUTLINE

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“Optics”

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Detectors

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Overview of applications (instrumentation)

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