SCP-intro and theory Flashcards
what is SCP
intervening into the causal chain of events to prevent crime from occurring
opportunity reducing means …
being directed at specific forms of crime
involving the management, design and manipulation of the environment
make crime more difficult and risky OR less rewarding and excusable
who is the father of SCP
Ronald V. Clarke
describe SCP
focuses on the setting of crime and seeks to stop the occurrence of crime there
does not seek to eliminate criminal tendencies but does seek to make criminal actions less desirable
central to this is public and private organisations because this is where crimes are likely to happen e,g, schools
history- what did Tizard find?
that the probability of youths re offending whilst resident in a probation hostel seemed to depend more on the regime than the person. If this misconduct can be controlled by the place, then other crimes could be too.
what 4 determinants does crime have?
a target
a place
the offender
the law
what does Clarke argue?
crime can be decreased by focusing on the reduction of situational opportunites
what are the 3 factors that increase crime in residential areas> NEWMAN
anonymity
lack or natural surveillance
the presence of many exits
NEWMAN developed the 3 factors based on a residential area for inhibiting crime in 4 ways
territoriality- residents feel that they own and belong to their building and thus should defend it
surveillance- design of the building so there is the ability to observe their own territorial area
image- offenders will be deterred by the space and its inhabitants BWT
safe zones- the location of the building in-respect to physical features of the neighbouring environment PARKS
what is routine activity theory
it has influenced SCP
will have criminal inclinations always but it is the manner at which social activities take place in time and space help to provide criminals with opportunites
for a crime to happen what 3 things must be there
a likely offender
a suitable target
the absence of a capable guardian
what analysis does the offender do?
cost benefit analysis
the decision to offend is…
taken free and actively
make in response to immediate circumstances in which the offender is contemplated
based upon CBA
