Scoliosis - Class 7 Flashcards
scoliosis
general term used to describe any lateral curvature of the spine
classifications
structural
non-structural
structural scoliosis
irreversible lateral curvature
w/ fixed rotation of the vertebra
how do the vertebral bodies rotate –> structural
into the convexity
how do the spinous processes rotate –> structural
toward the concavity
structural scoliosis is not corrected by
positioning or voluntary effort
etiology of structural scoliosis
idiopathic
neuromuscular
osteopathic
idiopathic –> structural
about 75-80% of all scoliosis develops w/o any known cause
in otherwise normal healthy children
how does idiopathic scoliosis progress
w/ skeletal growth
neuromuscular –> structural
about 15-20% of structural scoliosis
neuromuscular –> structural –> develops as a result of
congenital or acquired dzs
-CP
-myelomeningocele
-muscular dystrophy
osteopathic –> structural
congenital or acquired
congenital –> osteopathic –> structural
secondary to hemivertebra
aquired –> osteopathic –> structural
d/t rickets, fxs or dislocations of spine
complications –> structural
cosmesis
pulmonary complications
cosmesis –>structural
in the T-spine and causes deformation of the rib cage
problems with self-image or self esteem
pulmonary complications –> structural
vertebral rotation causes the ribs on the convex side of the curve to push posteriorly
–> causing rib hump
–>narrowing the thoracic cage
as the vertebral body rotates towards the convex side
spinous process deviates toward the concave side
ribs on this side move anteriorly
causing a “hollow” and widening of the thoracic cage
pulmonary complications –> axis of rib rotation
may change
efficiency of respiratory muscles can be reduced
overall rib compliance is reduced
scoliosis is a
restrictive lung problem
severity of structural
mild
moderate
severe
mild structural
less than 20 degrees
moderate sturctural
20-40/50 degrees
severe structural
40-50 degrees or greater
non-structural scoliosis
fxnal
reversible lateral curve
tends to be position and dynamic in nature
etiology of non-structural
LLD
spasms in back muscles
habitual asymmetric postures
habitual asymmetric postures –> non structural
sitting with weight shifted onto 1 hip
standing w/ weight primarily on 1 leg
habitual asymmetric postures results in –> non structural
asymmetric flexibility and tightness in soft tissues of the trunk and hips
direction of the curve is always identified by the
convexity
major curve is the
most significant curve
compensatory curves
develop in response to major curves
to position the shoulders level over the pelvic
sites
develop in the thoracic or lumbar spines individually
may exist in multiple areas
shapes
long C-curve
S-curve
long c-curve
usually extends the length of the thoracic and lumbar spine
s-curve
most common type of curve seen in idiopathic scoliosis
s-curve involves
major curve and compensatory curve/curves
