Causes of Poor Posture - Class 7

Question 1

causes for poor posture

Answer 1

positional

structural

Question 2

positional

Answer 2

general poor posture habits

Question 3

general poor posture habits could be d/t

Answer 3

muscle imbalances

pain

respiratory changes

concerns of body image

occupation

Question 4

muscle imbalances –> commonly held clinician perception

Answer 4

postural alignments produce adaptive changes in the muscles surrounding misaligned joints

Question 5

muscles on one side of the joint are held in a

Answer 5

lengthened positions

agonist muscles

Question 6

antagonist muscles on one side of the joint are held in a

Answer 6

shortened position

Question 7

what do these length changes produce

Answer 7

joint impairments

Question 8

joint impairments

Answer 8

weakness

limited ROM

–> contribute to a pt’s complaints

Question 9

what has research on animals shown

Answer 9

prolonged length changes in a muscle produce structural changes in the muscle

Question 10

what does prolonged stretch of a muscle induce

Answer 10

protein synthesis

production of mores sarcomeres

Question 11

as a result of protein synthesis

Answer 11

muscle hypertrophies

peak contractile force increases w/ prolonged stretch

Question 12

what does remodeling maintain

Answer 12

original length-tension relationship

muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position

Question 13

what is considered: muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position

Answer 13

stretch weakness

Question 14

stretch weakness

Answer 14

when the muscle has been held in a stretched position long enough to remodel

Question 15

how will a stretch weakness muscle appear

Answer 15

weak when tests in the traditional test position

Question 16

changes associated w/ stretch weakness are

Answer 16

logical but unproven

Question 17

prolonged shortening –> animal studies

Answer 17

shortening produced by immobilization appears to accelerate atrophy

muscles demonstrate a loss of sarcomeres

Question 18

length tension relationship

Answer 18

effect of muscle length and the amount of tension produced

Question 19

optimal relationship b/w length and tension

Answer 19

joint position where the muscle can generate the greatest amount of tension with least amount of effot

Question 20

agonist and antagonist relationship

Answer 20

body relies on the excitatory/inhibitory reflex loop b/w the 2 muscle groups

for smooth deliberate movement of the body

Question 21

muscle imbalances are characterized by

Answer 21

an impaired relationship b/w a muscle that is overactivated, subsequently shortened and tightened

and

another that is inhibited or weak

Question 22

what can cause a muscle imbalance

Answer 22

nerve pathology

pain

joint effusion

poor posture

repetitive activity of one muscle group

Question 23

postural muscles

Answer 23

tonic

primary fxn to support the body against forces of gravity

Question 24

what are tonic muscles composed of

Answer 24

higher percentage of slow twitch muscle fibers

slower to fatigue

Question 25

how do tonic muscles respond when activated

Answer 25

NOT as quickly

Question 26

tonic muscles have a greater tendency to

Answer 26

become overactivated and shortened

in response to stresses or pain

Question 27

phasic muscles

Answer 27

primarily responsible for movements of the body

Question 28

phasic muscles are composed of

Answer 28

higher proportion of fast twitch fibers than postural muscles

Question 29

how do phasic muscles contract

Answer 29

more quickly

generate a greater amount of force

Question 30

how do phasic muscles fatigue

Answer 30

rapidly

greater tendency to become weak

inhibited in response to pain

Question 31

common soft tissue dysfxns seen in phasic muscles

Answer 31

muscle strains

tendinopathies

Question 32

when a muscle becomes over activated and shorted and its antagonist is weakened

Answer 32

the muscle imbalance around the joint changes

Question 33

the over activated muscle influences

Answer 33

manner that the underlying joint (or joints) move

alter the compressive or tensile force placed on that joint

Question 34

what do muscle imbalances do

Answer 34

expend more energy

create inefficient and stressful movement patterns and postures for the body

Question 35

when treating to correct a muscle imbalance

Answer 35

initial emphasis is on elongated the shortened, overactivated muscle group

before strengthening the inhibited or weakened group

Question 36

an inhibited, weakened muscle cannot sufficiently gain strength until

Answer 36

antagonist muscle is closely restored to its normal muscle length

Question 37

pain can include

Answer 37

pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine

Question 38

pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine –> causing pain

Answer 38

body will compensate unconsciously

adopt a posture that decreases pain

Question 39

respiratory conditions include

Answer 39

emphysema

Question 40

emphysema

Answer 40

causes rib cage or thoracic spine changes

Question 41

concerns of body image

Answer 41

esp in children or adolescents

Question 42

occupation

Answer 42

what position are they in all day

what do they do for work

sitting, standing, kneeling

Question 43

structural

Answer 43

LLD

anomalies of the spine

Question 44

LLD –> structural causes

Answer 44

if one leg is longer than the other

the posture is greatly affected

Question 45

LLD –> structural causes –> what will the body do

Answer 45

compensate

do whatever it takes to get foot on the floor

Question 46

anomalies of the spine –> structural causes

Answer 46

includes hemivertebra

will effect the length of the spine –> causing poor posture