Causes of Poor Posture - Class 7 Flashcards

1
Q

causes for poor posture

A

positional

structural

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2
Q

positional

A

general poor posture habits

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3
Q

general poor posture habits could be d/t

A

muscle imbalances

pain

respiratory changes

concerns of body image

occupation

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4
Q

muscle imbalances –> commonly held clinician perception

A

postural alignments produce adaptive changes in the muscles surrounding misaligned joints

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5
Q

muscles on one side of the joint are held in a

A

lengthened positions

agonist muscles

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6
Q

antagonist muscles on one side of the joint are held in a

A

shortened position

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7
Q

what do these length changes produce

A

joint impairments

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8
Q

joint impairments

A

weakness

limited ROM

–> contribute to a pt’s complaints

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9
Q

what has research on animals shown

A

prolonged length changes in a muscle produce structural changes in the muscle

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10
Q

what does prolonged stretch of a muscle induce

A

protein synthesis

production of mores sarcomeres

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11
Q

as a result of protein synthesis

A

muscle hypertrophies

peak contractile force increases w/ prolonged stretch

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12
Q

what does remodeling maintain

A

original length-tension relationship

muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position

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13
Q

what is considered: muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position

A

stretch weakness

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14
Q

stretch weakness

A

when the muscle has been held in a stretched position long enough to remodel

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15
Q

how will a stretch weakness muscle appear

A

weak when tests in the traditional test position

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16
Q

changes associated w/ stretch weakness are

A

logical but unproven

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17
Q

prolonged shortening –> animal studies

A

shortening produced by immobilization appears to accelerate atrophy

muscles demonstrate a loss of sarcomeres

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18
Q

length tension relationship

A

effect of muscle length and the amount of tension produced

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19
Q

optimal relationship b/w length and tension

A

joint position where the muscle can generate the greatest amount of tension with least amount of effot

20
Q

agonist and antagonist relationship

A

body relies on the excitatory/inhibitory reflex loop b/w the 2 muscle groups

for smooth deliberate movement of the body

21
Q

muscle imbalances are characterized by

A

an impaired relationship b/w a muscle that is overactivated, subsequently shortened and tightened

and

another that is inhibited or weak

22
Q

what can cause a muscle imbalance

A

nerve pathology

pain

joint effusion

poor posture

repetitive activity of one muscle group

23
Q

postural muscles

A

tonic

primary fxn to support the body against forces of gravity

24
Q

what are tonic muscles composed of

A

higher percentage of slow twitch muscle fibers

slower to fatigue

25
how do tonic muscles respond when activated
NOT as quickly
26
tonic muscles have a greater tendency to
become overactivated and shortened in response to stresses or pain
27
phasic muscles
primarily responsible for movements of the body
28
phasic muscles are composed of
higher proportion of fast twitch fibers than postural muscles
29
how do phasic muscles contract
more quickly generate a greater amount of force
30
how do phasic muscles fatigue
rapidly greater tendency to become weak inhibited in response to pain
31
common soft tissue dysfxns seen in phasic muscles
muscle strains tendinopathies
32
when a muscle becomes over activated and shorted and its antagonist is weakened
the muscle imbalance around the joint changes
33
the over activated muscle influences
manner that the underlying joint (or joints) move alter the compressive or tensile force placed on that joint
34
what do muscle imbalances do
expend more energy create inefficient and stressful movement patterns and postures for the body
35
when treating to correct a muscle imbalance
initial emphasis is on elongated the shortened, overactivated muscle group before strengthening the inhibited or weakened group
36
an inhibited, weakened muscle cannot sufficiently gain strength until
antagonist muscle is closely restored to its normal muscle length
37
pain can include
pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine
38
pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine --> causing pain
body will compensate unconsciously adopt a posture that decreases pain
39
respiratory conditions include
emphysema
40
emphysema
causes rib cage or thoracic spine changes
41
concerns of body image
esp in children or adolescents
42
occupation
what position are they in all day what do they do for work sitting, standing, kneeling
43
structural
LLD anomalies of the spine
44
LLD --> structural causes
if one leg is longer than the other the posture is greatly affected
45
LLD --> structural causes --> what will the body do
compensate do whatever it takes to get foot on the floor
46
anomalies of the spine --> structural causes
includes hemivertebra will effect the length of the spine --> causing poor posture