Causes of Poor Posture - Class 7 Flashcards
causes for poor posture
positional
structural
positional
general poor posture habits
general poor posture habits could be d/t
muscle imbalances
pain
respiratory changes
concerns of body image
occupation
muscle imbalances –> commonly held clinician perception
postural alignments produce adaptive changes in the muscles surrounding misaligned joints
muscles on one side of the joint are held in a
lengthened positions
agonist muscles
antagonist muscles on one side of the joint are held in a
shortened position
what do these length changes produce
joint impairments
joint impairments
weakness
limited ROM
–> contribute to a pt’s complaints
what has research on animals shown
prolonged length changes in a muscle produce structural changes in the muscle
what does prolonged stretch of a muscle induce
protein synthesis
production of mores sarcomeres
as a result of protein synthesis
muscle hypertrophies
peak contractile force increases w/ prolonged stretch
what does remodeling maintain
original length-tension relationship
muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position
what is considered: muscle will just generate the peak torque at a different joint position
stretch weakness
stretch weakness
when the muscle has been held in a stretched position long enough to remodel
how will a stretch weakness muscle appear
weak when tests in the traditional test position
changes associated w/ stretch weakness are
logical but unproven
prolonged shortening –> animal studies
shortening produced by immobilization appears to accelerate atrophy
muscles demonstrate a loss of sarcomeres
length tension relationship
effect of muscle length and the amount of tension produced
optimal relationship b/w length and tension
joint position where the muscle can generate the greatest amount of tension with least amount of effot
agonist and antagonist relationship
body relies on the excitatory/inhibitory reflex loop b/w the 2 muscle groups
for smooth deliberate movement of the body
muscle imbalances are characterized by
an impaired relationship b/w a muscle that is overactivated, subsequently shortened and tightened
and
another that is inhibited or weak
what can cause a muscle imbalance
nerve pathology
pain
joint effusion
poor posture
repetitive activity of one muscle group
postural muscles
tonic
primary fxn to support the body against forces of gravity
what are tonic muscles composed of
higher percentage of slow twitch muscle fibers
slower to fatigue
how do tonic muscles respond when activated
NOT as quickly
tonic muscles have a greater tendency to
become overactivated and shortened
in response to stresses or pain
phasic muscles
primarily responsible for movements of the body
phasic muscles are composed of
higher proportion of fast twitch fibers than postural muscles
how do phasic muscles contract
more quickly
generate a greater amount of force
how do phasic muscles fatigue
rapidly
greater tendency to become weak
inhibited in response to pain
common soft tissue dysfxns seen in phasic muscles
muscle strains
tendinopathies
when a muscle becomes over activated and shorted and its antagonist is weakened
the muscle imbalance around the joint changes
the over activated muscle influences
manner that the underlying joint (or joints) move
alter the compressive or tensile force placed on that joint
what do muscle imbalances do
expend more energy
create inefficient and stressful movement patterns and postures for the body
when treating to correct a muscle imbalance
initial emphasis is on elongated the shortened, overactivated muscle group
before strengthening the inhibited or weakened group
an inhibited, weakened muscle cannot sufficiently gain strength until
antagonist muscle is closely restored to its normal muscle length
pain can include
pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine
pressure on a nerve root in the lumbar spine –> causing pain
body will compensate unconsciously
adopt a posture that decreases pain
respiratory conditions include
emphysema
emphysema
causes rib cage or thoracic spine changes
concerns of body image
esp in children or adolescents
occupation
what position are they in all day
what do they do for work
sitting, standing, kneeling
structural
LLD
anomalies of the spine
LLD –> structural causes
if one leg is longer than the other
the posture is greatly affected
LLD –> structural causes –> what will the body do
compensate
do whatever it takes to get foot on the floor
anomalies of the spine –> structural causes
includes hemivertebra
will effect the length of the spine –> causing poor posture
