SCOLIOSIS

Question 1

DEFINE

Answer 1

LATERAL DEVIATION OF NORMAL VERTICAL LINE OF SPINE IN CORONAL PLANE , OFTEN ASSOCIATED WITH ROTATION OF VERTEBRAE

Question 2

TYPES

Answer 2

1. NON STRUCTURAL =
   -POSTURAL
   -COMPENSATORY
   -SCIATIC
2. STRUCTURAL =
   -IDIOPATHIC
   -CONGENITAL
   -PARALYTIC

Question 3

NON STRUCTURAL

Answer 3

POSTURAL = MILD CURVE , CURVE STRAIGHTENS WHEN BEND FORWARD
COMPENSATORY = IN ORDER TO COMPENSATE TILT OF PELVIS
SCIATIC = DUE TO SPASM OF MUSCLE IN PIVD

Question 4

STRUCTURAL

Answer 4

IDIOPATHIC = PROGRESSION UNTIL CESSATION OF SKELETAL GROWTH
CONGENITAL
PARALYTIC= SEEN IN POLIO , MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY , CEREBRAL PALSY

Question 5

CONGENITAL STRUCTURAL SCOLIOSIS

Answer 5

OCCURS DUE TO DEFECTIVE FORMATION OR SEGMENTATION OF VERTEBRAE .
TYPES =
A. VERTEBRAL
1. OPEN - POSTERIOR SPINE DEFECT
2. CLOSED - POSTERIOR SPINE INTACT
B. EXTRAVERTEBRAL - FUSION OF RIBS
PATHOLOGY =
FAILURE OF FORMATION , FAILURE OF SEGMENTATION OR COMBINED
X RAY = HEMIVERTEBRAEB, WEDGING , UNSEGMENTED BARS , WEDGING
TT = STAGED RESECTION OF APEX FOLLOWED BY INSTRUMENTATION AND SPINAL FUSION .

Question 6

PAHOLOGY

Answer 6

LATERAL CURVATURE OF PART OF SPINE = PRIMARY CURVATURE
COMPENSATORY CURVATURE OF SPIN ABOVE AND BELOW = SECONDARY CURVATURE
LATERAL CURVATURE ASSOCIATED WITH ROTATION OF VERTEBRAE

Question 7

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Answer 7

RIB HUMP
SHOULDER UNEVEN
HEAD NOT CENTERED DIRECTLY ABOVE PELVIS
RIBCAGE AT DIFFERENT HEIGHT
CURVE IN SPINE
BODY BENDS TO ONE SIDE

Question 8

X RAY

Answer 8

COBBS ANGLE
REISSERS SIGN
ROTATION OF VERTEBRAE
CONGENITAL = HEMIVERTEBRAE , WEDGING , FUSED RIBS, UNSEGMENTED BAR

Question 9

COBBS ANGLE

Answer 9

LINE DRAWN FROM THE MARGIN OF MOST DISPLACED VERTEBRAE OF TOP AND BOTTOM OF PRIMARY CURVATURE , ANGLE FORMED BETWEEN THE LINES IS COBBS ANGLE

Question 10

REISSERS SIGN

Answer 10

THE GROWTH PLATE OF ILLIAC BONE WHEN FUSES THEN IT IS SIGN OF MATURITY , NO FURTHER CURVING OF VERTEBRAE OCCURS

Question 11

SPECIAL INVESTIGATION

Answer 11

PULMONARY FUNCTION TEST = DECREASED VITAL CAPACITY
BIOCHMICAL
NEUROMUSCULAR

Question 12

TREATMENT

Answer 12

CONGENITAL
IDIOPATHIC
PARALYTIC

Question 13

CONGENITAL

Answer 13

RESECTION (removal) OF APEX FOLLOWED BY INSTRUMENTATION AND SPINAL FUSION

Question 14

IDIOPATHIC

Answer 14

NON OPERATIVE =
EXERCISE
BRACING - BOSTON BRACE , MILWAUKEE , CARLESTON , REISSERS TURN BUCKLE CAST
OPERATIVE =
STRETCHING THE SPINE , INSTRUMENTATION AND THEN FUSION

Question 15

PARALYTIC

Answer 15

MILD - NO TT
MODERATE - LIKE IDIOPATHIC
SEVERE - COMBINED ANT. AND POST. INSRUMENTATION AND FUSION