Scizophrenia Flashcards
Schizo-phrenia means
Split mind
Someone with schizophrenia has mental processes that are separated from _____
reality
Schizophrenia Diagnostic Criteria A
Two or more of the following symptoms each present for a significant portion of time during a period of __ months:
1
* delusions
* hallucinations
* disorganized speech
* grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
* negative symptoms
(at least one of the first three!)
Schizophrenia Diagnostic Criteria C
Individual continues to display some degree of impaired functioning for at least _ additional months
5
Schizophrenia Diagnostic Criteria B
Individual _______ much more poorly in daily life than normal
functions
Define delusion
A fixed belief that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence
What are the eight types of delusions seen in schizophrenia?
Persecutory
Referential
Grandiose
Erotomanic
Nihilistic
Thought withdrawal
Thought insertion
Delusions of control
What is a persecutory delusion?
Belief that one is going to be harmed, harassed, and so forth by an individual, organization, or other group
What is a referential delusion?
Belief that certain gestures, comments, environmental cues, and so forth are directed at oneself
What is a grandiose delusion?
Person believes that he/she has exceptional abilities, wealth, or fame
Watching the news believing that the reporter is talking specifically to you, perhaps in code, is what type of delusion?
Referential
What is a erotomanic delusion?
Beliefs falsely that another person is in love with him/her
What is a nihilistic delusion?
Belif that a major catastrophe will occur
What is thought withdrawal?
Thoughts have been “removed” by some outside force
What is thought insertion?
Someone is putting thoughts in one minde
What is delusions of control?
One’s body or actions are being controlled by an outside force
Define hallucination
Perception-like experienced that occur without an external stimulus
What is the most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia?
Auditory
Four types of hallucinations
auditory
visual
olfactory
tactile
What are some signs of disorganized speech/thinking?
Loose associations/derailment
Tangenital answers
Word salad
Neologisms
Perservation or clanging
What are neologisms?
made-up words that have meaing only to the person using them
What are tangenital answers?
Answer does not answer the question, but is loosely related
Clanging is saying
rhyming words
Perservation is saying
the same word over and over
Disorganized/abnormal motor behavior can manifest in many ways, such as…
Childlike stillness
unpredictable agitation
stereotyped movements, staring, grimacing
inability to complete complex tasks in an organized manner
Catatonic behavior
Maintaining a rigid, inappropriate posture or bizarre posture is ______ ______
catatonic stupor
Purposeful and excessive motor activity without obvious cause is ________ ______
catatonic excitement
What are the four positive symtoms of schizophrenia?
Delusions
Disorganized thinking and speech
Hallucinations
Inappropriate affect
What are the five negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Alogia
Flat affect
Anhedonia
Avolition
Social withdrawal
Anhedonia
lack of pleasured experience
Alogia
Poverty of speech
Avolition
apathy, lack of interest or persistence
The psychomotor symptoms of schizophrenia
Disorganized behavior or abnormal motor behavior (catatonia, childlike stillness, agitation, etc)
Schizophrenia is more common in low/high SES
low
How many types of schizophrenia are there?
2
Type 1 Schizophrenia has only the positive/negative symptoms
positive
Type 2 Schizophrenia has only the positive/negative symptoms
Stoopid question. It has BOTH symptoms.
Which type of schizophrenia has a better prognosis?
Type 1…probably because you have fewer systems.
Schizophrenia prevalence
1%-ish
Although men and women are diagnosed with schizophrenia, ___ have a harder time with it
men
Why do men have a harder time with schizophrenia?
Maybe they are more likely to develop type 2 schizophrenia?
Is schizophrenia acute or chronic?
Chronic
What are some other psychotic disorders?
Brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder
True or false: People get diagnosed with schizophrenia right away
False
psychotic symptoms for 1 day to 1 month
Brief psychotic disorder
1 to 6 months; same symptoms as schizophrenia but doesn’t require impaired social or occupational functioning
Schizophreniform Disorder
one month or more of delusions but no other psychotic symptoms (has never met criteria for schizophrenia). Delusions are not bizarre (e.g., persecutory or jealous)
Delusional Disorder
mood disorder (MDD or bipolar disorder) + psychotic symptoms that last at least 2 weeks when the person isn’t experiencing symptoms of a mood disorder.
MDD/Bipolar disorder with psychotic features – psychotic symptoms ONLY occur during mood episode.
Schizoaffective Disorder
Bipolar disorder with ______ features
psychotic
Schizophrenia may be caused by an overactivity of the neurotransmitter ________
dopamine
Higher EE is positively correlated with higher chance of _____
relapse
family members frequently express criticism, disapproval, and hostility toward each other and intrude on one another’s privacy
Expressed emotion
The positive/negative symptoms are easier to treat in schizophrenia
positive
What are some brain features of those with schizophrenia?
Enlarged ventricles and reduced tissue volume
Smaller temporal and frontal lobes
Structural abnormalities of the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus
Schizophrenia reflects ______ neurobiological _________
diffuse; dysregulation
First line of treatment for schizophrenia is _______
antipsychotic medications
Common side effects of antipyschotic medications
Parkinson-like symptoms
Tardive dyskinesia
What are some examples of psychosocial approaches to treatment for schizophrenia?
Behavioral (i.e., token economies)
Inpatient units
Community care programs
Social and living skills training
Behavioral family therapy
Vocational rehabilitation
Symptoms of 1 day to 1 month –>
Brief Psychotic Disorder
1 month to six months –>
Schizophreniform Disorder
schizoaffective disorder
Mood disorder + 2 weeks psychotic symptoms (when no mood disorder epidsodes)
