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Louisa FlashCards > Science YR8 > Flashcards

Science YR8 Flashcards

1
Q

What are forces?

A

Just pushes and pulls in a particular direction

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2
Q

What are balanced forces?

A

Two forces acting on an object can also work against each other if they are in oppoisite directions. If the two forces are the same, nothing will change.

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3
Q

What are unbalanced forces?

A

If one of the forces is stronger than the other, something will start to move. the forces are unbalanced. If the unbalanced forces are acting on a moving object, the object will change its speed.

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4
Q

What does stationary mean?

A

Something that is still or not moving

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5
Q

What does steady speed mean?

A

Something moving at a constant pace.

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6
Q

What are contact forces?

A

When a force is applied on an object with some sort of contact or touch.

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7
Q

What are noncontact forces?

A

When a force is applied on an object without any contact or touch.

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8
Q

What is friction?

A

A force between two surfaces that are sliding, or trying to slide, across each other. It always works in the direction opposite to the direction in which the object is moving. It always slows a moving object down. It also produces heat.

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9
Q

What is air resistance?

A

A type of friction between air and another material.

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10
Q

What is water resistance?

A

The friction between your skin and the water particles.

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11
Q

What is gravity?

A

The force that pulls things to the centre of Earth (and other planets).

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12
Q

What is magnetic forces?

A

When two magnets are close, they create pushing or pulling forces on one another.

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13
Q

What is floating?

A

Object that sits above the fluid.

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14
Q

What is sinking?

A

Object that moves downwards in the fluid.

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15
Q

What is upthrust?

A

Force of a fluid pushing objects upwards.

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16
Q

What is buoyant?

A

If the weight is equal to or less than the upthrust, it floats. Things that floats are buoyant.

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17
Q

What are fluids?

A

Substances that flow- liquids and gases.

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18
Q

What is density?

A

How hard or soft an object is.

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19
Q

What does physical changes mean?

A

When a substance changes shape, size and state of the matter BUT the particles themselves do not change only their spacing and movement change.

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20
Q

What does chemical changes mean?

A

The particles change completely making a new substance.

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21
Q

What is the change from liquid to gas called?

A

Evaporation

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22
Q

What is the change from gas to solid called?

A

Deposition

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23
Q

What is the change from solid to liquid called?

A

Melting

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24
Q

What is the change from liquid to solid called?

A

Freezing

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25
What is the change from solid to gas called?
Sublimation
26
What is the change from gas to liquid called?
Condensation
27
What does pressure mean?
The amount of force (N) pushing on a certain area.
28
How do you increase the pressure in fluids?
-Increasing the number of particles -Increasing speed of particles by heating the fluid-gives energy -Compress-decrease container size
29
What is the formula for density?
mass / volume
30
What is the formula for volume?
mass / density
31
What is the formula for mass?
density x volume
32
What is the formula for weight (N)?
mass(g) x 10
33
What is the formula for pressure?
force / area N / m2
34
What does elastic mean?
Something that changes shape when a force acts on it AND then returns to its origional shape.
35
What does stretch and extension mean?
How far something has been made longer. The difference between a springs original length and its stretched length.
36
What does compress mean?
How far something is made shorter.
37
What is Hooke's Law?
The extension (stretch) of a spring is proportional to the force applied UP TO its limit of proportionality. This means for every 1N increase in the force, the spring will extend by the same length.
38
What does lubricants mean?
Substances that are added between surfaces to reduce (decrease) friction.
39
What are some physical properties of substances?
-Colour -Shape -State of matter -Malleable -Brittle -Melting and boiling points -Density -Conducting heat and electrisity
40
What are some chemical properties of substances?
-Reactivity -Flammability
41
What are some signs that a reaction has occured?
-Gas being produced (smoke, bubbles) -Sound, noises -Colour change -Flame, sparks, heat produced -Change of pH
42
What is a triad?
A group of 3 elements that have very similar properties.
43
What is a trend?
A pattern or a tendency to increase/ decrease/ stay the same in a series of data
44
What does reactivity mean?
Property of participating in chemical reactions. The more reactive, the more intense and quick the reaction is.
45
What way are the groups?
Vertical
46
What way are the periods?
Horizontal.
47
What elements are in the first Period?
Hydrogen and helium
48
What are the elements in group 0 called?
Noble Gases
49
What are the elements in group 7 called?
Halogens
50
What are the elements in group 1 called?
Alkali metals
51
What is an element?
One type of atom in a substance.
52
What is a compound?
A substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together
53
What is a mixture?
A substance consisting of two or more substances not chemically combined together.
54
What is a molecule?
Two or more atoms from the same element chemically bonded together.
55
What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
A compound are two atoms chemically bonded whereas a mixture the atoms aren't.
56
What are some physical properties of a substance?
-Colour -Melting point -Boiling point -Density -Strength -Flexibility -Conduction of heat -Conduction of electrisity
57
Melting (solid-liquid)
Heating-increased energy-particles vibrate more-particles start to break free of the structure and move around.
58
What is drag?
The resistance force that goes against an object as it moves through a fluid.
59
What is the name of group 0?
Nobal gases
60
What is the name of group 7?
Halogens
61
What is the name of group 1?
Alkali metals
62
What elements are in period 1?
Hydrogen and helium
63
What is the name of the horizontal rows on the periodic table?
Periods
64
What is the name of the vertical rows on the periodic table?
Groups
65
What is an atom?
The smallest part of an element that can exist.
66
What are some properties of metals?
-shiny -good conductor of heat -good conductor of electricity -high density -malleable -ductile -oxidised form alkaline solutions.
67
What are some properties of non-metals?
-dull -poor conductors of heat -poor conductors of electricity -low density -brittle -oxidised form acidic solutions.
68
What are some properties of alkali metals?
-Solids at room temperature -Very reactive -Good conductors of heat -Good conductors of electricity -soft -shiny when cut -low density
69
What are some properties of halogens?
-some solids, a liquid and some gases at room temperature -very reactive -poor conductors of heat -poor conductors of electricity -solids are brittle -low density
70
What are some properties of noble gases?
-gases at room temperature -unreactive -poor conductors of heat -poor conductors of electricity -low density
71
What things increase as you move down Group 1, Group 7 and Group 0?
-Atomic radius -Atomic number -Density -atomic mass
72
What is room temperature?
25 C
73
What is the boiling point of water?
100 C
74
What is the freezing point of water?
0 C
75
Where is the atomic mass located?
Underneath the element symbol.
76
Where is the atomic number located?
Top left hand corner.

Louisa FlashCards (15 decks)

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