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louisa flashcards > Geograph > Flashcards

Geograph Flashcards

1
Q

what are the different types of geography?

A

Human geography, Physical geography and Environmental geography.

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2
Q

what is the difference between a closed and open question?

A

an open question lets the person talk about anything whereas a closed question you get a direct answer.

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3
Q

what does a PEE paragraph stand for?

A

P- point E- evidence E- explain.

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4
Q

how do clouds form?

A

cools condenses

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5
Q

what is a microclimate?

A

A microclimate is when to areas which are close together have different climates.

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6
Q

What causes a microclimate?

A

Shelter Physical features Buildings Aspect
Surface

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7
Q

what is leaf litter cover?

A

this is how much the ground is covered by leaves.

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8
Q

what is canopy cover?

A

this is how much the sky is covered by clouds.

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9
Q

what is wind speed?

A

this is how fast the wind is.

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10
Q

what is plant layers?

A

this is how many different heights of plants are there.

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11
Q

what is soil moisture and texture?

A

this is how dry or wet the soil is.

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12
Q

what is light intensity?

A

this is how much light is getting through.

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13
Q

what is air temperature?

A

this is how warm or cold the air is.

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14
Q

what is slope?

A

this is if the ground is flat or has a dip.

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15
Q

what is relative humidity?

A

this is how much moisture there is in the air.

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16
Q

A body of air that is warmer and tends to bring warmer temperatures

A

Warm Front

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17
Q

The short term atmospheric conditions, e.g. In minutes of a day

A

Weather

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18
Q

The measure used to describe how covered the sky is with clouds

A

Oktas

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19
Q

Water held in the atmosphere that is released as rain, fog, drizzle, snow etc.

A

Precipitation

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20
Q

The most common wind direction

A

Prevailing wind

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21
Q

Happening now and again. Most often used to describe rain showers or snow showers.

A

Scattered

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22
Q

Short periods of rain

A

Showers

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23
Q

Rain and snow mixed together and produced when the temperature isn’t quite cold enough for only snow.

A

Sleet

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24
Q

The weather has stayed the same for a period of time

A

Stable

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25
Q

Periods where the earth receives direct sunshine from the sun

A

Sunny Spells

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26
Q

How hot or cold it is

A

Temperature

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27
Q

The weather has changed a lot in a short period of time

A

Unstable

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28
Q

How far you can see, so visibility will be reduced when there is fog or mist

A

Visibility

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29
Q

A period of very heavy rain that falls in a short time.

A

Downpour or downburst

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30
Q

Damp conditions where there is a lot of moisture in the air but not really sufficient to say it is raining

A

Drizzle

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31
Q

Precipitation in the air and you can see for less than 1000 metres

A

Fog

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32
Q

A sudden gust of wind or snow

A

Flurry

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33
Q

Where two bodies of air meet each other

A

Front

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34
Q

Warm or hot weather conditions with lots of moisture in the air, but not raining.

A

Humid

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35
Q

A wind that blows from a body of water, like the sea, onto the land

A

Land breeze

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36
Q

Water that is held in the air as part of the water cycle

A

Moisture

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37
Q

Precipitation in the air but you can still see for more than 1000 metres

A

Mist

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38
Q

The sky fully covered in dark clouds- of oktas covered

A

Overcast

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39
Q

A period of stable weather that tends to be warmer in the daytime and cooler and night.

A

Anticyclone

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40
Q

It is very windy

A

Blustery

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41
Q

It is very warm with lots of moisture in the air but not raining

A

Balmy

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42
Q

There isn’t any wind

A

Calm

43
Q

Where the weather changes often

A

Changeable

44
Q

The temperature feeling colder because of the impact of the wind

A

Chill factor

45
Q

The long term trend in weather that shows the average, e.g It is colder in January year on year

A

Climate

46
Q

A body of air that tends to bring showery, cold weather

A

Cold front

47
Q

A period of weather were the temperature falls quickly but then recovers to be normal for that time of year

A

Cold snap

48
Q

A weather system that brings changeable weather, with warm and cold fronts

A

Depression

49
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

A veil of thin white cloud. Sun clearly visible with shadows. Often with a halo.

A

Cirrostratus

50
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Broken into small flat clouds, often regularly arranged. No rain or snow.

A

Altocumulus

51
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Thicker than cirrostratus; sun visible as disc. No shadows or halo.

A

Altostratus

52
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Small cumulus have a cotton wool shape. Often grow to bunch together. No rain.

A

Cumulus

53
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Common. Sometimes covering the whole sky, sometimes more like flattened cumulus.

A

Stratocumulus

54
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Grey, flat and boring, no sun visible. Drizzle may fall. Called hill fog on high ground

A

Stratus

55
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Cumulus grown tall and dark. Showers likely. Top can be very high, sometimes feathery or flat

A

Cumulonimbus

56
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Thick, dark stratus, giving rain, which is often heavy and prolonged. Difficult to photograph.

A

Nimbostratus

57
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Not a common type. Sometimes dappled or rippled. Sun visible.

A

Cirrocumulus

58
Q

WHAT CLOUD IS THIS:

Sometimes delicate, hair-like-strands. Sometimes thicker blobs.

A

Cirrus

59
Q

What is the definition of a Jet Stream?

A

A jet stream is a monumental wind that flies across the sky at 250 miles an hour.

60
Q

What are the five stages of a depression

A 
Cold sector
Passage of the warm front
Warm sector
Passage of the cold front
Cold sector
61
Q

What happens in the cold sector?

A

Approach of the depression
Dry and fine
Cirrus clouds that convert into stratus
Cool temperatures

62
Q

What happens in the Passage of the warm front?

A 
Prolonged, steady rainfall
Nimbostratus clouds
Wind increase
Anticlockwise direction
Temperature rises
63
Q

What happens in the Warm sector?

A

Dry with showers
Warmer temperatures
Light winds
Cumulus clouds

64
Q

What happens in the Passage of the cold front?

A 
Heavy rain, even hail
cumulonimbus clouds
Strong winds
Anticlockwise direction
Temperature decreases
65
Q

What does permeable mean?

A

Water can flow through

66
Q

What does impermeable mean?

A

Water can’t go through

67
Q

What are the many causes of flooding?

A 
River flood- River overflows its banks
Very dry soil- minerals and salts form a crust so it prevent water from getting through. OSMOSIS
Type of soil- Clay- sand
Steep slopes- water runs downhill
Deforestation
Too much rain
Urbanisation
68
Q

What does percolation means?

A

The rate at what water drains away

69
Q

What is a biome?

A

An area of land with similar vegetation, a similar climate and natural land use.

70
Q

What are the two plates of the Great African Rift Valley?

A

Somali plate- left

Nubian plate- right

71
Q

Why are some countries rich and others poor?

A 
Culture
-Religion
-Effort and talent
Geography
-Transport
-Location on the globe
-Natural resources
Institution
-Police- corruption
-Clan based thinking
72
Q

what is physical geography?

A

The study of the Earth’s natural features.

73
Q

What is human geography?

A

The study of where and how people live.

74
Q

What is environmental geography?

A

The study of how we affect the environment.

75
Q

how do clouds form?

A

It cools condenses and rises to form a cloud.

76
Q

What is relief rainfall?

A

Warm moist air is forced to rise to get over a mountain or hill. It cools condense and forms a cloud. The rain then falls on the mountain or hill and is then goes back down. This is called a rain shadow.

77
Q

What is convectional rainfall?

A

The ground is warmed by the sun so the moist air rises cools and condenses to form a cumulonimbus cloud.

78
Q

What is frontal rainfall?

A

Warm and cool air meet at a front. The warm air is forced to rise cool a condenses to form a cloud.

79
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Containing evergreen trees, are found in Scandinavia, Russia and Canada. They have a cool climate with moderate rainfall called cool temperate.

A

CONIFEROUS FORESTS

80
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are the driest and hottest of areas. The world’s largest desert is the Sahara in North Africa. Areas of scrub land that border the desert are called desert scrub.

A

DESERT

81
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Climates are not too hot or cold. They are found around the Mediterranean Sea, near Cape Town in South Africa and Melbourne in Australia.

A

MEDITERRANEAN

82
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Areas that can be very cold at night and during the winter. The growing season is short and at higher levels trees will not grow.

A

MOUNTAIN

83
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are hot and dry, dominated by grass, scrub and occasional trees. they have two distinct seasons- a dry season when much of the vegetation dies back, and a rainy season when it grows rapidly. They are found in Kenya, Zambia, Tanzania, northern Australia and Venezuela and Brazil.

A

SAVANNAH

84
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Dominated by grass and trees and large bushes are scare. They have a temperate continental climate- the weather is mild with moderate rainfall. They include the Puszta in Hungary, the Veldt in South Africa and the Prairies in the USA.

A

TEMERATE GRASSLANDS

85
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Contain trees that lose their leaves and are found across Europe and USA. The weather is mild and wet. The climate is called Temperate Maritime.

A

TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FORESTS

86
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Are found near the equator in Central and South America, parts of Africa and Asia. They are hot and humid and contain a large variety of plants and animals. The trees are mostly hardwood. The climate is called equatorial.

A

TROPICAL FORESTS

87
Q

WHAT IS THE BIOME NAME:
Surrounds the North and South poles. They have a extremely cold climate, with limited numbers of plants and animals able to survive there.

A

TUNDRA

88
Q

Name some facts about the Massai tribe.

A
  • The maasai people live in the Maasai Mara.
  • They own large herds of cattle such as cows, goats and sheep
  • Traditional colour is red
  • They greet people by asking how their cattle is
  • patriarchal society-men in charge
  • women- look after the children
89
Q

What are the six rules of making a questionnaire?

A
  • don’t be bias
  • easy to answer- short questions
  • appropriate language
  • be specific
  • be realistic
  • open or closed questions
90
Q

What does an anemometer do?

A

It measures the wind.

91
Q

What does the wind vane do?

A

It measures the wind direction

92
Q

What does the rain gauge do?

A

It measures precipitation

93
Q

What does the barometer do?

A

It measures air pressure

94
Q

What does the sling psychrometer do?

A

It measures humidity

95
Q

What does the thermometer do?

A

It measures air temperature

96
Q

On a flood Hydrograph what goes on the bottom axis?

A

Time

97
Q

On a flood hydrograph what goes on the left axis?

A

rainfall

98
Q

on a flood hydrograph what goes on the right axis?

A

Discharge

99
Q

on a flood hydrograph what piece of information is shown as a bar chart?

A

rainfall

100
Q

on a flood hydrograph what piece of information is shown as a plot?

A

discharge

101
Q

Why is there a difference in Britain’s weather temperatures?

A
  • Height- every 100m up it gets 1 degree colder
  • Warming effect of the sea
  • wind direction- wind north-cold win south- warm
  • Latitude
  • Ocean currents- North Atlantic drift rises temperatures.
102
Q

What is a pull factor?

A

Something that attracts you to a new place

103
Q

What is a push factor?

A

Something that makes you move away or migrate

louisa flashcards (15 decks)

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