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GR10 > Science WEEK 1-2 > Flashcards

Science WEEK 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

disturbance in space

A

Waves

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2
Q

highest point in a wave

A

Crest

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3
Q

lowest point in a wave

A

Trough

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4
Q

distance from midpoint to highest or lowest parts of a wave

A

Amplitude

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5
Q

distance between two successive identical parts of a wave

A

Wavelength

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6
Q

number of waves produced in one second or a full wavelength

A

Frequency

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7
Q

extent of limits between which variation is possible

A

Range

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8
Q

wave that oscillates matter and transfers energy through a medium (up and down movement of wave)

A

Mechanical wave

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9
Q

particle motion is perpendicular to wave motion

A

Transverse

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10
Q

particle motion is in the same direction as wave motion

A

Longitudinal

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11
Q

are transverse (doesn’t need a medium) and is formed
when an electric field comes into contact with a magnetic field
– disturbance that moves through space at the speed of light

A

Electricmagnetic wave

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12
Q

created by charged particles (could be horizontal)

A

Electric field

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13
Q

produced by moving electric changes (could be
transverse)

A

Magnetic field

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14
Q

Scottish physicist who predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves in
1862

A

James clerk maxwell

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15
Q

German physicist who backed Maxwell’s theory by demonstrating the existence
of waves other than light in 1887

A

Heinrich Hertz

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16
Q

is a continuous range of electromagnetic waves arranged in order of frequency
or wavelength

A

Electromagnetic Spectrum

17
Q

An Italian inventor who, in 1901, sent and received the first transatlantic
wireless message
– Awarded the Nobel Prize along with Karl Ferdinand Braun for their work on the
development of wireless telegraphy

A

Guglielmo Marconi

18
Q

– Have the longest wavelengths (104m - 10-1m) and shortest frequencies
(30kHz to 3000 MHz)
– Most suitably usable in communication devices across all platforms
– Frequency can range between 3 kiloHertz to 300 GigaHer

A

Radio Waves

19
Q

– used for various purposes, including detecting objects, weather forecasting,
military surveillance, air traffic control, monitoring speed in highway patrol, and
tracking satellites and debris

A

Radar

20
Q

– Have longer wavelengths (180-550 meters)
– Radio stations modulate or change the amplitude of the radio waves they
transmit by incorporating audio information, known as the input or
modulating signal
– Characterized by MF (Medium Frequency).

A

Amplitude modulation

21
Q

– Short radio waves (2.8-3.4 meters)
– Radio stations modulate the frequency of the carrier signal
– Considered a region of VHF (Very High Frequency), such as the TV band
(54 to 890 MHz)
– amplitude and other parameters of the resulting signal remain constant,
as seen in the CP (UHF) Ultra High Frequency band

A

Frequency Modulation

22
Q

– part of the electromagnetic spectrum located between radio waves and infrared
light.
– are called microwaves because their wavelengths are much shorter than those
of radio waves.
– James Clerk Maxwell discovered microwaves

A

Microwaves

23
Q

– lies between the microwave region and the lower frequency edge of the visible
spectrum
– Discovered by Sir William Hershel in 1800
– longer than visible light and include most thermal radiation emitted by objects
at room temperature
– Used for remotely determining the temperature of objects through techniques
like thermography or pyrometry

A

Infra red radiation

24
Q

Closest in wavelength to visible light; commonly used
in devices like remote controls

A

Near infrared light

25
Q

Closer to the microwave region in the electromagnetic
spectrum; examples include sunlight, fire, or a radiator

A

Far infrared

26
Q

– The portion of electromagnetic radiation detectable by the human eye.
– It occupies a small segment of the electromagnetic spectrum.
– When all the colors are combined, they create white light.

A

Visible light

27
Q

longest wavelength; shortest frequency and is the most energetic

A

Red

28
Q

shortest wavelength; longest frequency and the least energy

A

Violet

29
Q

– Has a wavelength shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays
– The term literally means “above violet”
– UV light is produced by high-temperature surfaces
– Discovered by Johann Wilhelm Ritter, a German chemist and physicist

A

Ultraviolet

30
Q

– are high-energy waves with great penetrating power
– widely used in imaging and diagnostics
– Discovered by Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen in 1895, they revolutionized medical
technology by allowing non-invasive views of internal body structures

A

X-rays

31
Q

– generated by radioactive atoms and during nuclear explosions.
– treatment of certain types of cancer, such as in Gamma Knife Surgery
– Paul Villard was a French chemist and physicist who discovered gamma rays in 1900

A

Gamma rays

GR10 (12 decks)

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