Science Test 5, chap 5

Question 1

One idea that attempts to reconcile the Bible and evolution is

Answer 1

theistic evolution

Question 2

Which geologist popularized uniformitarianism

Answer 2

Charles Lyell

Question 3

The hypothetical time scale that supposedly charts both the earth’s history and the sequence of the rock layers in the earth’s crust is the

Answer 3

geologic column

Question 4

Fossils that extend through several strata are ____ fossils

Answer 4

polystrate

Question 5

The supposed starting point of cosmic evolution is

Answer 5

the big bang

Question 6

The idea that the fittest and strongest of each species are more likely to survive and reproduce than weaker or unfit members of the species is

Answer 6

natural selection

Question 7

What is the sudden appearance of life in the fossil record called?

Answer 7

Cambrian explosion

Question 8

How often can science make authoritative statements about the origin of the earth

Answer 8

never

Question 9

Which scientist first suggested that MANY catastrophes have shaped Earth’s geological features

Answer 9

Georges Cuvier

Question 10

What is the belief that the universe and life originated by natural processes over billions of years?

Answer 10

evolution

Question 11

Which of the following was a badly crushed ‘‘Homo habilis’’ skull that scientists found in Kenya?

Answer 11

Skull 1470

Question 12

The belief that God called the universe and all that is in it into existence out of nothing is

Answer 12

special creation

Question 13

The principle of ___ states that the same scientific laws in operation today have existed throughout the earth’s history.

Answer 13

uniformity

Question 14

From longest to shortest, the time periods into which evolutionists divide the geologic column are __, eras, __, and ___.

Answer 14

eons, periods, epochs

Question 15

When an organism shows no change between its appearance in the fossil record and at the present day, scientists refer to this as

Answer 15

stasis

Question 16

The false belief that all geological processes have always proceeded at the same rate is known as

Answer 16

uniformitarianism

Question 17

The idea that one or more catastrophes are primarily responsible for Earth’s geological features is

Answer 17

catastrophism

Question 18

Charles ___ popularized evolution with his book On The Origin of Species

Answer 18

Darwin

Question 19

The evolutionary hypothesis that states that new kinds of organisms arise quickly because of rapid genetic changes is _____________

Answer 19

punctuated equilibrium

Question 20

The study of fossils is _______

Answer 20

paleontology

Question 21

A fossil that is considered characteristic of a specific period is a ______

Answer 21

index fossil

Question 22

The size of the portion of the skull that contains the brain is the _______

Answer 22

cranial capacity

Question 23

Another name for transitional forms is _________

Answer 23

intermediates

Question 24

'’missing link’’ thought to be a transitional form between amphibians and reptiles

Answer 24

Seymouria

Question 25

'’missing link’’ thought to be a transitional form between reptiles and birds

Answer 25

Archaeopteryx

Question 26

deep-sea fish thought to be the ancestor of the first amphibians

Answer 26

coelecanth

Question 27

'’missing link’’ thought to be a transitional form between fish and tetrapods

Answer 27

Tiktaalik

Question 28

Where in the earth’s crust is the geologic column found in its entirety

Answer 28

nowhere

Question 29

What is the most famous australopithecine?

Answer 29

Lucy (or Australopithecus afarensis)

Can’t scientists stick with a normal name for once?

Question 30

How many years ago did the Flood probably occur?

Answer 30

5000-6000 years

Question 31

Does the geological record support and confirm the Genesis Flood?

Answer 31

yes

Question 32

What is a radiometric dating method used on organic materials?

Answer 32

carbon-14 dating

Question 33

What term refers to the gap formed when continuous strata are missing one or more layers?

Answer 33

unconformity

Question 34

What are the preserved remains of plants, animals, or humans in sedimentary rock?

Answer 34

fossils

Question 35

modern man’s classification

Answer 35

Homo sapiens

Question 36

human ‘‘ancestor’’ reconstructed from a few teeth and bone fragments

Answer 36

Ramapithecus

Question 37

Java man

Answer 37

Homo erectus

Oh, they had coffee back then?

Question 38

'’southern apes’’

Answer 38

australopithecine

Question 39

chimpanzeelike ‘‘missing link’’ called ‘‘handy man’’

Answer 39

Homo habilis

Question 40

fossil lost during World War II

Answer 40

Peking man

Question 41

'’upright man’’

Answer 41

Homo erectus

Question 42

human ‘‘ancestor’’ who was fully human but probably had rickets

Answer 42

Neanderthal man

Question 43

Explain how using the order of fossils in the geologic column to support evolution is an example of circular reasoning.

Answer 43

• The supposed stage of evolution is used to determine the ‘‘age’’ of fossils in a rock.
• The ‘‘age’’ of fossils in a rock is used to determine the age of the rock.
• Arranging the rocks in order from ‘‘oldest’’ to ‘‘youngest’’ shows the supposed sequence of evolution.
• Although the order of fossils in the geologic column appears to show evolution, using the geologic column to support evolution is circular reasoning because the order of fossils is based on the assumption of evolution.