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Stuff to study for school > Science test #2 > Flashcards

Science test #2 Flashcards

1
Q

Support for Wegener’s hypothesis of continental drift includes evidence of changes in

A

Fossils

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1
Q

What is the location of an Earthquake on earth’s surface

A

Epicenter

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2
Q

New ocean floor is constantly being produced through the process known as

A

Seafloor spreading

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3
Q

Scientists discovered oceanic rock to be

A

Younger than continental rocks

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4
Q

The hypothesis of continental drift was rejected by scientists because

A

Evidence didn’t show they waved

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5
Q

Vibrations of an earthquake are caused by

A

Tectonic plates colliding, scraping, or moving away from each other.

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6
Q

The german scientist Alfred Wegener proposed the existence of a huge landmass called

A

Pangea

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7
Q

Earth’s magnetic poles shift every few thousand years causes

A

Paleomagnetism in rocks

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8
Q

The outer most layer of earth is the

A

lithosphere

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8
Q

Lens shaped feature that forms close to the surface

A

Laccoliths

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8
Q

The theory of plate tectonics says that plates move because of

A

Convection Currents

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8
Q

All plates float on the

A

Asthenosphere

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9
Q

The location of an earthquake beneath earth’s surface

A

Focus

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9
Q

An underwater mountain chain formed from seafloor spreading is called a

A

Mid-ocean ridge

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9
Q

The alternating pattern of normal and reverse polarity rocks proves

A

Continental Drift

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10
Q

Tool used to measure earthquakes

A

Seismograph

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11
Q

What is the first waves to arrive after an earthquake

A

P-waves

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12
Q

The three biggest factors in earthquake damage are fires, landslides and

A

Buildings collapsing

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13
Q

A group of adjacent mountains

A

Mountain Range

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13
Q

A natural elevation of earth’s surface

A

Mountain

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14
Q

_ to _ Collisions that produce volcanic islands arcs

A

Oceanic to Oceanic

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15
Q

An earthquake location can be found by

A

Using 3 seismographs

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16
Q

Collisions that produce continental volcanic arcs

A

Oceanic to Continental

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16
Q

Lava that resembles long, braided ropes

A

Pahoehoe lava

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17
Q

Flat mountains formed when thick layers are uplifted

A

Plateaus

17
Q

Large masses of igneous rocks formed when magma oozed deep beneath the surface, must be greater than 100km.

A

Batholics

17
Q

High mountains formed when continents collide

A

Folded mountains

17
Q

Volcanic mountain formed when lava cools before reaching the surface

A

Dome

17
Q

Adjacent mountain ranges

A

Mountain System

17
Q

Boundary where two plates move away from each other.

A

Divergent Boundary

17
Q

Boundary where to plates move toward each other

A

Convergent Boundary

17
Q

Boundary where two plates move past each other

A

Transform Fault Boundary

18
Q

Slow waves that cannot travel through liquids

A

S-waves

19
Q

Area where oceanic plates meet continental plates

A

Subduction Zone

20
Q

The measure of the thickness of a liquid

A

Viscosity

21
Q

Area that forms along a divergent boundary

A

Rift Valley

22
Q

Long valley formed when blocks slip downward

A

Graben Valley

23
Q

Divergent boundaries make

A

New Oceans

24
Q

Boundary that forms uplift mountains

A

Convergent Boundary

25
Q

Large mountain systems are called

A

Mountain Belt

26
Q

One plate going beneath another plate causes

A

Subduction

27
Q

Boundary that causes earthquakes

A

Transform fault boundary

28
Q

Force that moves magma up a volcano

A

Gasses expanding

29
Q

Viscous magma produces

A

More violent eruptions

30
Q

Ash, dust, and other particles that erupt out of a volcano

A

Pyroclastic materials

31
Q

Scale used to measure earthquakes that records the highest wave

A

Richter scale

32
Q

Broad, gently, sloping volcanoes with calm, slow eruptions

A

Shield Volcano

33
Q

Steep sloped volcano made of pyroclastic materials

A

Cinder cone

34
Q

Opening at the top of volcanoes formed by collapse

A

Calderas

35
Q

Intrusive igneous features

A

Dikes

36
Q

What happened when continents once formed a single landmass that broke apart and pieces moved to their present location

A

Continental drift

37
Q

Layer of earth below the lithosphere

A

Asthenosphere

38
Q

Mountains formed where earth’s crust has been broken into large blocks then lifted and tilted

A

Fault-Block mountains

39
Q

Volcano formed when plates move across areas of hot magma

A

Hotspot volcano

40
Q

What is the __ to ___ on the boundaries that can cause subduction

A

Oceanic to Continental

41
Q

Scale that measures how much material is moved or displaced in an earthquake

A

Momentum magnitude scale

42
Q

Liquid rock beneath earth’s surface

A

Magma

43
Q

Column shaped features that form when magma is close to the surface

A

Sills

44
Q

Narrow valley at the center of diverging boundaries

A

Rift valley

45
Q

Recorded measurements of an earthquake

A

Seismogram

46
Q

Tall, broad-based volcano built from alternating of lava and pyroclastic material

A

Composite Volcano

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