Science - Light and Sound

Question 1

Waves transfers _____________ but not ______________.

Answer 1

Energy, matter

Question 2

Transverse wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 2

vibrations, perpendicular

Question 3

Longitudinal wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 3

vibrations, parallel

Question 4

What is the wavelength?

Answer 4

Distance between consecutive crests/troughs (transverse).
Distance between consecutive compressions/rarefactions (longitudinal).

Question 5

What is the amplitude?

Answer 5

Distance from the equilibrium (rest position) to the crest/trough (transverse).

Question 6

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called _________________ and areas where the particles are spread out are called _________________

Answer 6

compressions, rarefactions

Question 7

A louder sound will have a higher __________________.

Answer 7

amplitude

Question 8

A high-pitched sound will have a higher _________________

Answer 8

frequency

Question 9

Give 4 examples of longitudinal waves

Answer 9

sound, ultrasound, seismic waves, springs

Question 10

Give 8 examples of transverse waves

Answer 10

light, radio, microwaves, infra-red, UV, X-ray, gamma ray, water waves

Question 11

An object which gives off light is known as….

Answer 11

luminous

Question 12

How can we see non-luminous objects?

Answer 12

because light is reflected off the object

Question 13

When light hits and object and “stops” it is known as…

Answer 13

absorption

Question 14

When light hits and object and bounces off it is known as…

Answer 14

reflection

Question 15

A material that lets light through without scattering is known as…

Answer 15

transparent

Question 16

What is an opaque material?

Answer 16

A material that does not let light pass through

Question 17

An object that scatters light as it passes through is known as…

Answer 17

transluscent

Question 18

How does the angle of incidence compare to the angle of reflection?

Answer 18

they are equal/the same

Question 19

“If we are drawing a reflected ray, which step is missing
1. Extend the incident line to the surface.
2.
3. Measure angle of incidence.
4. Construct your angle of reflection.”

Answer 19

Draw on the normal line

Question 20

What is refraction?

Answer 20

The change in direction of a wave when it changes speed.

Question 21

When does refraction occur?

Answer 21

When a wave moves into a different substance

Question 22

If the speed of a wave decreases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal

Answer 22

towards

Question 23

If the speed of a wave increases as it moves into a new substance it will bend _____________ the normal

Answer 23

away from

Question 24

When the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle, what will happen to the light?

Answer 24

All the light will be reflected/total internal reflection.

Question 25

If all the light is reflected with a material (e.g. a piece of glass), what is this known as?

Answer 25

Total internal reflection

Question 26

Give 3 examples of where total internal reflection is found in real-life applications

Answer 26

Periscopes, internal cameras, fibre-optic communications

Question 27

What is the name of the coloured circle around the pupil. It controls the size of the pupil

Answer 27

Iris

Question 28

What is the purpose of the lens in the eye?

Answer 28

To focus light onto the retina

Question 29

What do you call the black part of the eye? It is the opening that lets light in

Answer 29

Pupil

Question 30

What is the retina?

Answer 30

Light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, made up of rods and cones

Question 31

What is the purpose of the optic nerve?

Answer 31

Carries messages from the retina to the brain.

Question 32

Why do we end up with an inverted image formed on our retina when we look at an object?

Answer 32

Because light is refracted by the cornea and lens in our eye.

Question 33

What three colours of light can our eyes detect?

Answer 33

red, green, blue

Question 34

What are the colours of the spectrum that make up white light?

Answer 34

Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet (Richard Of York Gave Battle In Vain)

Question 35

The colour of a light depends on what feature of a wave?

Answer 35

Frequency

Question 36

When light enters a prism it splits into the colours of the spectrum, what do we call this effect?

Answer 36

Dispersion

Question 37

Why does a blue object appear blue when a white light is shone upon it?

Answer 37

It reflects blue light. It absorbs all other colours of light.

Question 38

Why do black objects appear black?

Answer 38

They absorb all colours that are shone on them. No light is reflected.

Question 39

When red and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 39

yellow

Question 40

When red and blue light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 40

magenta

Question 41

When blue and green light is combined, what colour is formed?

Answer 41

cyan

Question 42

If a sound is becoming lower pitched, what is decreasing?

Answer 42

The frequency

Question 43

If a sound is becoming lower in volume, what is decreasing?

Answer 43

The amplitude

Question 44

What formula can we use to calculate the speed of sound?

Answer 44

speed = distance/time

Question 45

Do sound waves travel fastest in solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 45

Solid (more particles)

Question 46

Do light waves travel fastest through a solid, liquid or gas?

Answer 46

Gas (fastest through a vacuum)

Question 47

When calculating the speed of sound using an echo, what must you remember

Answer 47

The echo travels to an object and back again (you may need to double the distance or halve the time provided)