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Year 8 24/25 > Science - Electricity and Magnetism > Flashcards

Science - Electricity and Magnetism Flashcards

1
Q

A material which easily allows an electric current is

A

an electrical conductor

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2
Q

A material which does not allow an electric current is

A

an electrical insulator

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3
Q

Name some good electrical conductors

A

Any metal (some are better than others!), graphite (a form of carbon), salt water

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4
Q

Name some good electrical insulators

A

Wood, plastic (most non-metals in fact)

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5
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for a cell

A

2 lines, one longer than the other

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6
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for a battery

A

2 or more cells joined by a short line

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7
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for a bulb

A

Circle with a cross

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8
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for a switch

A

/
/
/
o o

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9
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for a variable resistor

A

Rectangle with arrow going through it

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10
Q

Draw the circuit symbol for an ammeter

A

Circle with ‘A’

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11
Q

What instrument is used to measure current?

A

Ammeter

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12
Q

What does an ammeter measure?

A

Current

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13
Q

What is the unit of current and what is its symbol?

A

Amperes, A

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14
Q

If I increase the number of cells in my battery the current will…?

A

Increase

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15
Q

When the charge moves through the cell it gains…?

A

energy

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16
Q

Energy per unit charge is also known as….

A

potential

17
Q

What is the unit of potential?

A

volt, V

18
Q

If I connect more bulbs in series with each other the resistance will…and the current will….

A

resistance will increase and the current will decrease

19
Q

What is the unit of resistance

A

ohm, omega symbol

20
Q

What is current?

A

The amount of charge passing a point each second

21
Q

At a junction in a circuit what is the important rule to remember?

A

total current in = total current out

22
Q

Which poles of a magnet attract each other?

A

The opposite poles (North and South)

23
Q

What happens when like poles of magnets come together

A

They repel

24
Q

Give some examples of magnetic materials

A

Iron, Steel, Cobalt, Nickel

25
Q

Give some examples of non-magnetic materials

A

Plastic, Wood, Paper, Rubber, Glass

26
Q

Why does the Earth have a magnetic field

A

The core of the earth is a rotating ball of Iron

27
Q

What is a magnetic field?

A

The region around a magnet where other magnetic materials experience a force

28
Q

How are magnetic fields represented in diagrams?

A

Magnetic field lines

29
Q

How could you visualise the field around a magnet?

A

Iron filings, or using a compass

30
Q

Draw the magnetic field around a bar magnet

A

Please use online references.

31
Q

Draw the magnetic field around the Earth

A

Remember - the Earth’s geographic north pole is a magnetic south pole (we still call it magnetic north when referring to where our compass needle points!)

32
Q

What is the shape of a magnetic field around a wire and how can we tell the direction of the field lines?

A

Circular. Right hand “thumbs up” rule. Thumb points in the direction of the current, the fingers curl in the direction of the field

33
Q

When a current flows in a wire a magnetic field is generated. What do we call this effect?

A

Electromagnetism

34
Q

Draw the magnetic field around a coil/solenoid

A

Please use online references.

35
Q

Name 3 ways to increase the strength of the magnetic field around a solenoid

A
  • Increase the current
  • Increase the number of turns on the coil
  • Add an iron core
36
Q

What is one of the major advantages of an electromagnet compared to a permanent magnet

A

Electromagnets can be switched on and off

37
Q

What is a relay circuit used for?

A

To activate high voltage circuits using low voltage circuits (this protects the user from high currents)

38
Q

List some uses of electromagnets

A

In relays (e.g. to switch of floodlights or x-ray machines in hospitals), in scrapyards to move parts, maglev trains, in electric motors, in rollercoaster braking

Year 8 24/25 (8 decks)

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