Science Chapter 9 - Review Flashcards
What is pascal’s law
Pascal’s law states that when pressure is applied to a enclosed space, it is equally applied
What happens when a small crack occurs in a fluid system
for a fluid system to work correctly, its entire system must be sealed. even the smallest of cracks or holes will cause the system to fail
What is a hydraulic system? Give an example
A hydraulic system is a system that uses liquids under pressure to transmit a force and do work. One example is a car jack in a mechanic shop that lifts cars.
Is the struggle to compress a fluid useful? Why?
The attribute of fluids not being able to be compressed easily is a very helpful thing. For example, A hose would not work if the fluid was not being compressed in the pipe that lets the water out. Because the liquid is compressed, it flows throughout the whole hose
How does a machine such as hydraulic systems hold so much force with just a button press?
The process of multi[plying the input force has multiple steps.
First the operator presses a button that pushes down one the smaller piston of a hoist. This push pushes down a fluid that gets compressed and pressurized. The pressure released by the compressed fluid is able to push the larger piston of a hoist upwards and the pressure has enough strength due to the size of the output piston and is able to life for example a car
What is a pneumatic system? What are the benefits to using it instead of a hydraulic system?
A pneumatic systems is the same as a hydraulic one, yet instead of a liquid, it utilizes a gas. Its much harder to get the same effect of a hydraulic system though its benefits compensates for it. A pneumatic system is safer, more reasonably priced, and is more reliable within a range of tempeature
What is a pneumatic system? What are the benefits to using it instead of a hydraulic system?
A pneumatic systems is the same as a hydraulic one, yet instead of a liquid, it utilizes a gas. Its much harder to get the same effect of a hydraulic system though its benefits compensates for it. A pneumatic system is safer, more reasonably priced, and is more reliable within a range of temperature
What is a pump?
A pump is a device that moves a fluid into of through something. because most fluid systems involve moving fluids throughout objects, pumps are very useful
how does a bicycle pump work?
A bicycle pump has a piston and a cylinder shaped container. when this pump is pulled upwards, air fills the cylinder container. When the piston is pushed upwards air is released through the end of the cylinder container and into whatever its connected to.
What are valves?
Valves are mechanisms that control the flow of water. For example, when turning the facets of a sink, water flows out
what is the issue with oil spilling in water.
Oil is the most common pollutant of water. over 3 million tones of oil pollutes our waters yearly. even though oil is easier to clean up as its density allows it to float on water, an average of 20-200 dollars is spent per spill to clean it.
How can find the exact impact of an oil spill on the environment
Each oil spill is different so we cant find an exact number or harmfulness. An oils impact varies on different factors such as weather, proximity to land, proximity to habitats and ecosystems, etc.
What are the 6 clean up methods and there issues
Booms are like fences. They float on the water and contain oil in a given area. They won’t work if there is large wind and waves
Skimmers are vacuum-like machines that suck up oil. The problem with this is that they are also such up water.
Sorbents are similar to sponges as they soak up the oil. The problem is that they also get rid of water and could even sink into the water
Dispersants are chemicals that are similar to soap that are used to clean up the oil. The problem is that now soap is in the water
Burning is a method of gathering oil and burning it away. The problem is that the smoke contributes to greenhouse gasses
Bioremediation involves sending microorganisms into the water that eat the oil. The problem is that now there is a new species in the water that could interfere with the food chain
Is oil pollution caused more on land or water? explain.
Though oil spills seem worse, most of the worlds oil pollution comes from land. An average of 12 spills occur everyday and 11 of those spills occur on land.
Is oil the only substance polluting our water? Explain.
Oil is not the sole problem. Once 11,00 L of dry cleaning fluid was spilled in a river and due to its density being higher than water, sank. this made is worse as its much harder to clean. Anything spilled on land has a chance to end up into our water.
