History Chapter 4 - Review Flashcards
Who were the First Nations people?
The First nations were a group of people who first were on the now known area of Canada and had had a much greater respect for the land at there time
What was the First Nations Way of Life
There way of life was to treat nature as it was one of them. They followed it, they used everything they took from its animals, etc. They always followed this and in history, tired to get people to see natures value as well
What are the two groups of metis
There are two kinds of metis: The ones with French origins or the ones with British origins
How did the French Origins of metis Start
French Origins started when French fur trades who traded near areas where first nations lived. The met and married First nations women and as a result had children. There children were called metis and the French origins were the ones who started the Metis
What was Special About the Metis with French Origins
Because Of there french background, they were able to speak both french and first nation languages. They were engaged in multiple religions but mostly were first nation spiritually or roman Catholics. Finally they used both European and first nations methods of survival
Who did the British Origins of metis Start
Similar to the French, when the British took over french fur trading posts, they met and married first nations women who they met nearby the post. When they had kids they were called metis and were originally called country-born untill that term died out.
What was Special About the Metis with British Origins
They took on some of there mothers first nations ways but were often able to speak both English and some first nation languages. Many of them were protestant, although they practiced first nations spirituality
What are some points of how Metis Culture and lifestyle are unique
The Metis Are a full blown community with there own flag and even tried to make a langue but it died out before it got popular. The metis have strong musical and culinary traditions. They love to dance to fiddle tunes the mix Celtic and first nation themes. This dancing is usually fast paced. They also regularly hosted festivals and at the festivals they were feast of foods such as fried bread, bannock, meatballs, and stew, to name the popular ones.
Metis women traditionally produced fin beadwork, porcupine quillwork, and embroidery. They have both first nations and french patterns included in there design. this artwork is now prized by art collectors
Who was louis riel, What was he known for…
Louis Riel was the leader of the metis red river. Before this he lived in Quebec, but went back to his home town of Manitoba when his cousin needed help getting surveyors off their land. To officially protect they land, the metis set up a “neighborhood watch” type committee to protect the land and elected riel as secretary. This committee sent a note telling Ottawa to not try and come on there land with a special permit but even after this, Ottawa surveyors tired to get on, but were stopped by metis. This didn’t work and in his last effort he tried to join the confederation in Ottawa and be able to add terms. but them joining and his terms were denied. Finally he set up a provincial government and worked with Canada to establish a permanent government metis could support. To accomplish this, he made the metis bill of rights.
After Thomas Scott was executed, riel was seen as a criminal in the eyes of the Canadian government. The Canadian government issued him for arrest. Riel and his followers knew that he wouldn’t be able to resist the Canadian forces and so he fled to the united states. Some metis followed with him, but others stayed in red river
Who was Thomas Scott, What was he known for…
Thomas Scott was a Protestant from Ireland who had come to Ontario in 1863. He wanted Canada to expand and become more powerful but he also believed that Catholics shouldn’t be a part of the government and because of this, he was greatly disliked. Eventually he went to the red river and tried to get people to oppose the metis bill of rights. This caused him to make a name for himself and be greatly unlike. After the bill of rights was passed and a permeant government was established Riel know as the leader saw him as an enemy, he got him arrested. He was found guilty for treason
Describe the province of Manitoba at this time
In 1870, Canada claimed Manitoba and passed the Manitoba act. This included English and French being official languages, their land staying as small as it was, and even different schools for Catholics and protestants. The province of Manitoba was just 39,000km2 in area and because of this, they were considered the postage stamp province. Along with this there were separate protistan and catholic schools paid for by the government and speaking of school, the right to English and french education was not guaranteed. Only religious education was guaranteed
Describe the province of British Colombia at this time
Like PEI, they thought not joining Canada was better. They thought joining the U.S was better as it had a lot of office perks like sharing a railway with them, but soon they realized if they become Canadian, they would keep the connections to Britain. Due to this and other reasons such as being tradition. To successfully finish the deal, he promised to build a railway from Ontario to the pacific ocean in just 10 years. This is what finalize them become the 6th province in Canada.
Describe the province of Prince Edward islands at this time
In the beginning, PEI didn’t want to join Canada as they thought it would harm them but it did quite the opposite. Right when macdonald began forming canada from sea to sea, their trade increased steadily. To overcome this, PEI tried to build a railway but it was too expensive. Canada solved this by building it for them and paying for it if they join. This worked out for them all.
What is the metis bill of rights
- That the territory of the North-West enter into the Confederation of… Canada as a province…
- That the schools be separate (based on religion) and that public money for schools be distributed among the different religious denominations in proportion to their respective population…
- That treaties be concluded between Canada and the different Indian [nations] of the North-West…
- That both the English and the French languages be common in the legislature, and in the courts… and [in] all public documents…
- That the Lieutenant-Governor to be appointed for the Province of the North-West be familiar with both English and French languages.
- That the Judge of the Supreme Court speak both the English and French languages.
When was Thomas Scott Arrested and what was his punishment
Thomas Scott was arrested around 1870 and in march of that year was executed by a firing squad
