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CMS - 6th Grade - PRIOR NOTECARDS > Science - Chapter 3 - Test 10/31/13 > Flashcards

Science - Chapter 3 - Test 10/31/13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Definition:

everything that has mass and takes up space

A

matter

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2
Q

All _____ around you is matter.

A

All stuff around you is matter.

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3
Q

Name a few examples of matter.

A
  • air
  • plastic
  • metal
  • wood
  • glass
  • paper
  • cloth
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4
Q

Definition:

the study of matter and how matter changes

A

chemistry

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5
Q

In chemistry, a _______ is a single kind of matter that is ______, meaning it always has a specific makeup, or composition.

A

In chemistry, a substance is a single kind of matter that is pure, meaning it always has a specific makeup, or composition.

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6
Q

Every form of matter has ____ kinds of properties.

A

Every form of matter has two kinds of properties.

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7
Q

Definition:

a characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance

A

physical property

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8
Q

Name a few examples of physical properties.

A
  • mass
  • volume
  • density
  • size
  • color
  • teture
  • taste
  • smell
  • hard
  • soft
  • slippery
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9
Q

Definition:

a characteristic of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substances

A

chemical property

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10
Q

Name a few examples of chemical properties.

A
  • silver that tarnishes
  • basketball hoop that rusts
  • charcoal briquettes
  • eaten apple that turns brown
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11
Q

Who was the Greek philosopher that proposed that all matter was made of four elements?

A

Empedocles

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12
Q

What were the four elements that Greek philosopher, Empedocles, proposed matter was made of?

A
  1. air
  2. earth
  3. fire
  4. water
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13
Q

Definition:

a substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means

A

element

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14
Q

In the 1600s, chemists found that matter is made of more than ____________.

A

In the 1600s, chemists found that matter is made of more than 100 substances called elements.

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15
Q

Elements are represented by ________.

A

Elements are represented by one or two letter symbols.

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16
Q

Name a few examples of element symbols.

A
  • C - Carbon
  • O - Oxygen
  • Ca - Calcium
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17
Q

Definition:

made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but their atoms are not chemically bonded

A

mixture

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18
Q

Definition:

mixtures where different parts can be seen and they usually can be separated out

A

heterogeneous mixture

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19
Q

Definition:

an mixture mixed evenly so that you can’t see the different parts

A

homogeneous mixture

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20
Q

Name a few examples of a homogeneous mixture.

A
  • sugar
  • coffee
  • air
  • honey
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21
Q

Name a few examples of a heterogeneous mixture.

A
  • cookie dough ice cream
  • fruit salad
  • beach sand
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22
Q

Definition:

a measure of the force of gravity on you

A

weight

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23
Q

When will the force of gravity be more?

A

If the planet is more massive than Earth, the force of gravity will be more.

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24
Q

When will the force of gravity be less?

A

If the planet is less massive than Earth, the force of gravity will be less.

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25
Q

Definition:

the amount of matter in an object

A

mass

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26
Q

If you travel to the moon, the amount of matter in your body (your mass) _______.

A

If you travel to the moon, the amount of matter in your body (your mass) does not change.

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27
Q

The mass of an object is a _______ property.

A

The mass of an object is a physical property.

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28
Q

To measure the properties of matter, scientists use a system called the ____________, abbreviated SI

A

To measure the properties of matter, scientists use a system called the International System of Units, abbreviated SI

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29
Q

The SI unit of _____ is kilogram (kg).

A

The SI unit of mass is kilogram (kg).

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30
Q

All matter has mass and ________.

A

All matter has mass and takes up space.

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31
Q

The amount of space that matter occupies is called its ______.

A

volume

32
Q

Name 3 common SI units of volume.

A
  1. cm3
  2. Liter (L)
  3. milliliter (mL)
33
Q

1 teaspoon of water has a volume of ________.

A

1 teaspoon of water has a volume of 5 milliliters.

34
Q

Volumes of liquids are measure with a ________.

A

Volumes of liquids are measure with a graduated cylinder.

35
Q

Volumes of solids are measure using the formula ________.

A

L x W x H

36
Q

Definition:

the measure of the mass of a material in a given volume

A

density

37
Q

How do you calculate density?

A
38
Q

________ has a density of 1 g / cm3

A

Water has a density of 1 g / cm3

39
Q

Objects with densities greater than that of water will ______; more dense.

A

Objects with densities greater than that of water will sink; more dense.

40
Q

Objects with densities less than that of water will ______; less dense.

A

Objects with densities less than that of water will float; less dense.

41
Q

What does the mixture oil and vinegar tell you about the density?

A

Oil is less dense than vinegar so it moves to the top.

42
Q

A _______ change alters the form or appearance of matter but does not turn any substance in the matter into a different substance.

A

physical

43
Q

Name 2 examples of physical change substances.

A
  • sand sculpture
  • butter
44
Q

A substance that undergoes a physical change is still the ________ substance after the change.

A

A substance that undergoes a physical change is still the same substance after the change.

45
Q

Name 4 examples of physical changes.

A
  1. bending
  2. crushing
  3. breaking
  4. chopping
46
Q

Name the 3 states of matter.

A
  1. solid
  2. liquid
  3. gas
47
Q

Describe solid characteristics.

A

matter with a definite shape and volume

48
Q

Describe liquid characteristics.

A

matter that has a definite volume but no definite shape

49
Q

Describe gas characteristics.

A

matter that does not have a definite shaper or volume

50
Q

A change in state such as from a solid → liquid or from a liquid → gas, is an example of a __________.

A

A change in state such as from a solid → liquid or from a liquid → gas, is an example of a physical change.

51
Q

Give an an example of a physical change in state.

A

dissolving sugar in water

52
Q

A _________ is a change in matter that produces one or more new substances.

A

A chemical change is a change in matter that produces one or more new substances.

53
Q

Give an example of a chemical change.

A

hydrogen peroxide breaks down into water and oxygen gas when it’s poured on a cut on your skin

54
Q

A chemical change produces _________ with new and different properties.

A

A chemical change produces new substances with new and different properties.

55
Q

French chemist, __________, measured mass before and after a chemical change.

A

French chemist, Antoine Lavoisier, measured mass before and after a chemical change.

56
Q

What did Antoine Lavoisier’s data show?

A

His data showed that no mass was lost or gained during the change.

57
Q

Definition:

the fact that matter is not created or destroyed in any chemical or physical change

A

law of conservation of mass

58
Q

Give an example of a solid.

A

pencil

59
Q

Describe the particles that make up a solid.

A

The particles are packed very closely together and vibrate in place (they move back and forward slightly).

60
Q

The shape of a liquid may ___________, but its volume remains the same.

A

The shape of a liquid may change with its container, but its volume remains the same.

61
Q

Describe liquid particles.

A

The particles of a liquid are packed closely together but they move around freely.

62
Q

A liquid is also called a _____, meaning a ______.

A

A liquid is also called a fluid, meaning a “substance that flows”.

63
Q

Describe gas particles.

A

As gas particles move, they spread apart, filling all the space available

64
Q

Definition:

The change in state from a solid to a liquid

A

melting

65
Q

Melting occurs at a specific temperature, called the ________.

A

Melting occurs at a specific temperature, called the melting point.

66
Q

The melting point of pure water is _____.

A

The melting point of pure water is 0oC.

67
Q

Definition:

The change in state from a liquid to a solid

A

freezing

68
Q

What is the freezing point of water?

A

0o Celcius

69
Q

The freezing point of water is the _______ as its melting point.

A

The freezing point of water is the same as its melting point.

70
Q

When water begins to freeze, its temperature stays at 0oC until freezing is _______.

A

When water begins to freeze, its temperature stays at 0oC until freezing is complete.

71
Q

Definition:

the change in state from a liquid to a gas

A

vaporization

72
Q

The temperature at which a liquid boils is called its _________.

A

The temperature at which a liquid boils is called its boiling point.

73
Q

When water boils, vaporized water molecules form ______ below the surface.

A

When water boils, vaporized water molecules form bubbles below the surface.

74
Q

Sublimation occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a ______.

A

Sublimation occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas.

75
Q

In places where the winters are cold, the snow may disappear even when the temperature ___________.

A

In places where the winters are cold, the snow may disappear even when the temperature stays well below freezing.

76
Q

Example: ______ is the common name for solid carbon dioxide

A

Example: dry ice is the common name for solid carbon dioxide

CMS - 6th Grade - PRIOR NOTECARDS (56 decks)

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