Science Ch 2 - Plants: Revision

Question 1

What are the most important of God’s provisions for life on earth?

Answer 1

green plants

Question 2

Who recognized that flowers are organs intricately designed for plant reproduction?

Answer 2

Christian Konrad Sprengel

Question 3

What was Sprengel’s goal with his botanical studies?

Answer 3

Sprengel’s goal was to bring glory to God for the wise design, purpose, and provision placed into His living creation.

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of a flower?

Answer 4

The primary purpose of a flower is the reproduction of the plant.

Question 5

Name the four main parts of a flower.

Answer 5

pistil, stamens, petals, sepals

Question 6

List and define the three parts of a pistil.

Answer 6

• *stigma** - the sticky bit at the top of the pistil
• *ovary** - the large, rounded bottom of the pistil
• *style** - the stalk that connects the stigma to the ovary

Question 7

What part of the flower produces pollen?

Answer 7

anther (part of the stamen)

Question 8

What two processes must occur before a seed can form?

Answer 8

pollination and fertilization

Question 9

Differentiate between pollination and fertilization.

Answer 9

pollination: transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma

fertilization: uniting of a sperm cell from a pollen grain with an egg cell in the ovary

Question 10

What happens once pollination has occurred?

Answer 10

Once a pollen grain attaches to a stigma, a pollen tube begins growing from the pollen’s location on the stigma, through the style, and into the ovary. The sperm cell then travels through the pollen tube to unite with the egg cell.

Question 11

What structure contains the embryo of a plant?

Answer 11

the seed

Question 12

Name the three parts of a typical seed.

Answer 12

embryo, endosperm, seed coat

Question 13

What is the term for the root of an embryo?

Answer 13

radicle

Question 14

What is the scientific definition of a fruit?

Answer 14

the ripened ovary of a flower

Question 15

What is the term for the distributing of seeds after they are mature?

Answer 15

dispersal

Question 16

Differentiate between mechanical dispersal and agent dispersal.

Answer 16

mechanical: ripened fruit bursts open, scattering the seeds

agent: animals, humans, or physical processes like wind and ocean currents scatter the seeds

Question 17

Name the part of the flower indicated by the number 1.

Answer 17

the petal

Question 18

Name the parts of the flower labeled 2, 3, and 4.

Answer 18

2. the stamen
3. the anther
4. the filament

Question 19

Name the parts of the flower labeled 5 and 6.

Answer 19

5. the sepal
6. the receptacle

Question 20

Name the parts of the flower labelled 7 - 11.

Answer 20

7. the stigma
8. the style
9. the ovule
10. the ovary
11. the pistil

Question 21

What three things are required for a seed to germinate?

Answer 21

moisture
favourable temperature
oxygen

Question 22

What major events occur in each of the three stages of germination?

Answer 22

First stage: the seed begins to swell by absorbing or soaking up water

Second stage: the embryo grows a radicle that pushes its way through the softened seed coat and into the ground

Third stage: the plumule emerges above the surface of the ground and the radicle grows into a root system

Question 23

What is a plant that no longer depends on the cotyledons for nourishment called?

Answer 23

a seedling

Question 24

How long does it take for an annual to produce seeds?

Answer 24

one growing season

Question 25

How do biennials differ from perennials?

Answer 25

Biennials: live for two growing seasons, producing flowers and seeds in teh second growing season

Perennials: live from year to year and bloom each growing season

Question 26

How do botanists classify angiosperms into families?

Answer 26

They classify them by the structures of their flowers and fruit.

Question 27

Which family of angiosperms contains plants with ray and disk flowers?

Answer 27

composite flower

Question 28

Which family of plants help return nitrogen to the soil?

Answer 28

the pea family

Question 29

How do stems of the mint family differ from the stems of other plants?

Answer 29

They are square.

Question 30

List four ways that monocots and dicots differ from each other.

Answer 30

number of cotyledons (one vs two)
venation (parallel vs branching)
number of petals (multiples of 3 vs multiples of 4 or 5)
type of root system (fibrous vs taproot)

Question 31

Which of the two main groups of angiosperms includes grasses, lillies, and palm trees?

Answer 31

monocots

Question 32

What is the purpose of a lily’s bulb?

Answer 32

to store food during the growing season, allowing th eplant to live after its flowers and above-ground leaves and stems have died.

Question 33

How do corms and rhizomes differ?

Answer 33

corms - thick, vertical underground stems

rhizomes - horizontal stems that grow under the ground

Question 34

Why are grasses important?

Answer 34

Man and almost all animals depend on grass, directly or indirectly, for their food.

Question 35

List the three basic shapes of leaves.

Answer 35

broad and flat
long and narrow
needle-like or scale-like

Question 36

How can we see God’s wisdom in designing plants when we study the arrangement of leaves on a stem?

Answer 36

The location of the leaves on a plant allows each leaf to have maximum exposure to light.

Question 37

List the three most common leaf arrangements around a plant stem.

Answer 37

opposite
alternate
whorled

Question 38

How can you tell the difference between a simple leaf and a leaflet?

Answer 38

All leaves have a bud at the base of the petiole; there is no bud at the base of a leaflet.

Question 39

List the three major patterns of leaf veins.

Answer 39

parallel venation
pinnate venation
palmate venation