OWHG Ch 7 - Revision Flashcards

1
Q

What is unique about the Sahara?

A

It is the largest desert in the world.

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2
Q

Why is the Sinai Peninsula sometimes referred to as a land bridge?

A

You can cross from Israel (Canaan) to Egypt by crossing the Sinai Peninsula.

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3
Q

What is the longest river in the world?

A

The Nile

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4
Q

Why is Egypt called the “Gift of the Nile”?

A

Without the Nile, Egypt would be a desert. The overflow deposits rich soil along the river.

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5
Q

What is a delta?

A

the formation at the mouth of a river caused by build up of silt

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6
Q

What is a cataract?

A

a bed of rocks in a river bed that gives rise to a waterfall

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7
Q

Upon what did the Egyptians base their seasons?

A

the annual flooding of the Nile.

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8
Q

Who was considered to be the king of Upper and Lower Egypt?

A

King Menes

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9
Q

What title did Egyptian kings give themselves?

A

Pharaoh

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10
Q

Who was next in importance to the king?

A

the Vizier

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11
Q

What were the huge stone structures built as tombs for burying pharaohs called?

A

pyramids

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12
Q

What is the most famous and largest of these tombs still standing today?

A

the Great Pyramid

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13
Q

What does the Great Sphinx look like?

A

It has the head of a man and the body, legs, and paws of a lion. Its head and body are carved of solid rock, and its legs and paws are built of stone blocks.

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14
Q

What interesting pharaoh was buried in the Valley of the Kings?

A

King Tutankhamen

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15
Q

What is a famine?

A

a time of serious shortage of food

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16
Q

What is a pharaoh?

A

the ruler of Egypt

17
Q

What is a vizier?

A

the next in importance to the Egyptian king

18
Q

What did most Egyptians do for work?

A

They were farmers.

19
Q

Why did the Egyptians choose mostly white as a colour to wear?

A

They probably chose this because white reflects the sun and is the most comfortable colour to wear in a hot, dry climate.

20
Q

What pet was considered sacred by the Egyptians?

21
Q

What is a shadoof?

A

an irrigation device: a long pole with a bucket tied on the end

22
Q

What is a mummy?

A

a preserved body

23
Q

What is a pyramid?

A

tombs built for the pharaohs

24
Q

What is an obelisk?

A

a tall pointed pillar to honour the sun god

25
What was a **scribe**?
the secretary to the ruler
26
What is a **palette**?
a box to hold paints
27
What is **papyrus**?
paper-like material
28
What was a **scroll**?
a long roll of papyrus or paper
29
What are **hieroglyphics**?
the Egyptian system of picture writing
30
Because the fertile land in Egypt ends so abruptly, what did the ancient Egyptians call their land?
Red Land, Black Land
31
What do we call the area near Thebes that the pharaohs used as a cemetary?
The Valley of the Kings
32
What do we call the area near Thebes that the pharaohs used as a cemetary?
The Valley of the Kings
33
What was the key to understanding the meaning of hieroglyphics?
the Rosetta Stone
34
List the three Egyptian seasons and the type of work done in each season.
Flood season - work on buildings Planting season - irrigation and planting crops Harvest season - harvesting crops
35
Who was the first pharaoh?
Akhenaton
36
Who built the Great Pyramid as his tomb?
Khufu
37
Who is the Egyptian vizier mentioned in the Bible?
Joseph
38
Who was ancient Egypt's only woman pharaoh?
Hatshepsut
39
Which Egyptian pharaoh's tomb is more famous than he is?
Tutankhamen