Science 6 Ch 3

Question 0

Small deposits of igneous and metamorphic crystals

Answer 0

Gemstones

Question 1

The hardest known mineral; found in pipes

Answer 1

Diamond

Question 2

Any hollow space in the Earth’s crust that has formed naturally and is large enough for a person to enter

Answer 2

Cave

Question 3

Any rock containing a metal together with impurities

Answer 3

Ore

Question 4

The rarest, most durable and beautiful gems

Answer 4

Precious stones

Question 5

The most commonly used practical metal; used for thousands of years to make tools

Answer 5

Iron

Question 6

A metal that is a good conductor of electricity; two of its alloys are brass and bronze

Answer 6

Copper

Question 7

Any trace of a plant or animal left in a rock

Answer 7

Fossil

Question 8

The area surrounding a magnet in which the force of a magnet affects other objects

Answer 8

Magnetic field

Question 9

The ends of a magnet are called

Answer 9

Poles

Question 10

The magnetic field produced by the earth

Answer 10

Magnetosphere

Question 11

The hardest material that composes the earths crust

Answer 11

Rock

Question 12

When molten rock solidifies it forms this type of rock

Answer 12

Igneous

Question 13

Sand and mineral fragments that have been pressed together form this type of rock

Answer 13

Sedimentary

Question 14

Rock that has been changed by extreme heat or pressure into a new kind of rock is known as this kind of rock

Answer 14

Metamorphic

Question 15

Over 75% of the earths surface is covered with this rock

Answer 15

Sedimentary

Question 16

The type of igneous rock formed at the earths surface that cools rapidly and has a fine-grained appearance

Answer 16

Extrusive

Question 17

This type of igneous rock remains in a pocket below the surface, cools slowly and has a coarse-grained appearance

Answer 17

Intrusive

Question 18

This is the most common igneous rock that can be found everywhere on land

Answer 18

Granite

Question 19

This sedimentary rock is formed by chemical sediments and is used for salting roads and flavoring food

Answer 19

Halite

Question 20

The sedimentary rock used to make glass

Answer 20

Sandstone

Question 21

The sedimentary rock that is the only stone formed by living animals

Answer 21

Reef limestone

Question 22

This metamorphic rock began as shale is very hard and has leaf-like layers

Answer 22

Slate

Question 23

This metamorphic rock is one of the most beautiful and most widely used, and began as limestone

Answer 23

Marble

Question 24

This type of metamorphic rock is made up of layers like the leaves of a book

Answer 24

Foliated

Question 25

Hard, shiny, black coal; expensive to mine

Answer 25

Anthracite

Question 26

The most common type of coal, also known as soft coal

Answer 26

Bituminous

Question 27

The poorest quality of coal, also known as brown coal

Answer 27

Lignite

Question 28

This is designed to live either in a cave or above a cave

Answer 28

A troglophile

Question 29

This is the study of caves

Answer 29

Speleology

Question 30

This is formed by the dissolving of underground rocks by water

Answer 30

Solution cave

Question 31

Caves usually form in this rock

Answer 31

Limestone

Question 32

This visits a cave regularly but must return to the surface for food

Answer 32

A trogloxene

Question 33

Answer this question, "where does the Earth's magnetic field come from and how does it remain magnetized?"

Answer 33

Parents of electricity that circulate in the earths outer core produce the earths magnetic fields. Currents that flow through an object produce a magnetic field around the object. The earth remains magnetized because of the increasing electric currents deep within its core.

Question 34

Explain how a solution cave is formed. Is this process an example of physical or chemical weathering? Why?

Answer 34

Rainwater pick that molecules of carbon dioxide as it passes through the air in the soil. Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms a mild acid. Limestone absorbs the water and is dissolved. The water drains from the area leaving a cavity in the rock. This is an example of chemical weathering because the rock was broken down by an acid.

Question 35

The individual substances that make up rocks

Answer 35

Minerals

Question 36

The well-known igneous rock that contains quartz, feldspar, and mica

Answer 36

Granite

Question 37

Rock made of pebbles cemented together

Answer 37

Conglomerate or breccia

Question 38

The thick, dark colored, flammable liquid that is considered a liquid fossil fuel

Answer 38

Petroleum (or crude oil)

Question 39

The basic mineral that makes up limestone

Answer 39

Calcium carbonate

Question 40

A stream of harmful particles that flow constantly from the surface of the sun

Answer 40

Solar wind

Question 41

Natural acids slowly eat into rock and break it apart

Answer 41

Chemical weathering

Question 42

Physical forces such as flowing water, ice, or windblown sand break down rock

Answer 42

Physical weathering

Question 43

A scientist who studies the structure of the earth

Answer 43

Geologist

Question 44

An enormous wave that can be caused by an earthquake

Answer 44

Tsunami

Question 45

Any trembling or shaking of the Earth's crust

Answer 45

Earthquake

Question 46

The study of earthquakes

Answer 46

Seismology

Question 47

The break that appears at the boundary between two moving masses of rock

Answer 47

A fault

Question 48

The strength of an earthquake is its

Answer 48

Magnitude

Question 49

The scale used to measure the strength of an earthquake

Answer 49

Richter scale

Question 50

A shiny, black rock that resemble glass

Answer 50

Obsidian